College of Nursing and Professional Discipline, University of North Dakota, CNPD Building Room 305, 430 Oxford Street Stop 9025, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9025.
Population Health Economics, Centre for Public Health Infrastructure, Health Security Infrastructure Branch, Public Health Agency of Canada, 120 Colonnade Road, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada.
J Sch Health. 2019 Feb;89(2):115-123. doi: 10.1111/josh.12719.
Ninety percent of smokers report having their first whole cigarette before the age of 19. Policies, such as youth access laws, are essential to prevent youth from becoming future smokers. In Canada, the Tobacco Act prohibits retailers from furnishing tobacco products to individuals under the age of 18. These laws can only be effective when retailers comply with them. This paper investigates the effect of retailer compliance on youth smoking behavior.
Data on individual smoking behavior in conjunction with provincial retailer compliance rates and cigarette prices for the years 1999-2005 were employed to examine the effects of retailer compliance on youth smoking participation and consumption.
Both price and retailer compliance were significant predictors of smoking participation. A large portion of participants endorsed obtaining their cigarettes through social means. Price elasticity of demand for the overall sample was estimated to be -0.54.
Consistent with previous literature, our results found that retailer compliance is an essential component to the successful implementation of youth access laws. Given that youth access laws and retailer compliance did not quell social access to cigarettes, there is an apparent need within schools and communities to reduce the social sale of tobacco products.
90%的吸烟者报告他们在 19 岁之前第一次吸食整支香烟。政策，如青少年准入法，对于防止青少年成为未来的吸烟者是至关重要的。在加拿大，《烟草法》禁止零售商向 18 岁以下的个人提供烟草制品。只有当零售商遵守这些法律时，这些法律才能有效。本文研究了零售商合规对青少年吸烟行为的影响。
本研究结合了 1999 年至 2005 年个人吸烟行为数据、省级零售商合规率和香烟价格，以检验零售商合规对青少年吸烟参与和消费的影响。
价格和零售商合规都是吸烟参与的显著预测因素。很大一部分参与者表示通过社交途径获得香烟。总体样本的需求价格弹性估计为-0.54。
与先前的文献一致，我们的研究结果发现，零售商合规是青少年准入法成功实施的重要组成部分。鉴于青少年准入法和零售商合规并没有阻止社交途径获得香烟，学校和社区显然需要减少烟草产品的社交销售。
