Kareva Lidija, Mironska Kristina, Stavric Katerina, Hasani Arjeta
University Pediatric Hospital, Ss Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Skopje, Republic Macedonia.
Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2018 Dec 17;6(12):2359-2362. doi: 10.3889/oamjms.2018.513. eCollection 2018 Dec 20.
Adverse reactions to intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) are divided by organ system involved, or by timing of onset-immediate which occur during infusion usually rate-related, true IgE-mediated anaphylaxis and delayed reaction which occur hours to days after the infusion.
To describe the adverse events of patients given IVIG infusions.
Total number of patients receiving IVIG was 41 with 25 males (60.97%) and 16 females (39.02%), age 2 months-35 years. A total number of infusions was 1350.
Total number of adverse reactions 15, 14 patients with immediate-type and 1 with delayed type. Total percentage of adverse reactions in a given sample was 1.1% of all IVIG infusions. Fever was the most common immediate type of reaction occurring in 11 patients (78.57%) followed by acrocyanosis 10 patients (71.42%), skin rash 9 patients (64.28%) and headache 8 patients (57.14). Delayed-type of reactions (like fever, headache and vomiting) was present in one patient. Majority of the adverse effects occurred at the infusion rate higher than 1, 5 ml/kg/hour, which is still within recommended speed.
About 1.1% of IVG infusions where with adverse events. Most common manifestations where: fever, acrocyanosis, skin rash and headache, which occurred 1-6 hours from the beginning of the infusion. The occurrence of adverse reactions to IVIG was related to the infusion rates in a fashion that faster infusion rate gives more reactions. Adverse reactions were managed by reduction of the infusion rate and administration of medications such as paracetamol, antihistamines and steroids.
静脉注射免疫球蛋白（IVIG）的不良反应可根据受累器官系统或发生时间进行分类——即刻反应通常在输注过程中发生，与输注速度有关，为真正的IgE介导的过敏反应；延迟反应则在输注后数小时至数天出现。
描述接受IVIG输注患者的不良事件。
接受IVIG治疗的患者总数为41例，其中男性25例（60.97%），女性16例（39.02%），年龄2个月至35岁。输注总数为1350次。
不良反应总数为15例，14例为即刻型，1例为延迟型。给定样本中不良反应的总发生率为所有IVIG输注的1.1%。发热是最常见的即刻型反应，11例患者出现（78.57%），其次是手足发绀10例患者（71.42%）、皮疹9例患者（64.28%）和头痛8例患者（57.14%）。1例患者出现延迟型反应（如发热、头痛和呕吐）。大多数不良反应发生在输注速度高于1.5 ml/kg/小时时，这仍在推荐速度范围内。
约1.1%的IVG输注出现了不良事件。最常见的表现为：发热、手足发绀、皮疹和头痛，这些反应在输注开始后1 - 6小时出现。IVIG不良反应的发生与输注速度有关，输注速度越快，反应越多。通过降低输注速度以及给予对乙酰氨基酚、抗组胺药和类固醇等药物来处理不良反应。
