Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, E-18008 Granada, Spain.
J Integr Plant Biol. 2019 Jul;61(7):803-816. doi: 10.1111/jipb.12772. Epub 2019 Apr 3.
Plant peroxisomes are subcellular compartments involved in many biochemical pathways during the life cycle of a plant but also in the mechanism of response against adverse environmental conditions. These organelles have an active nitro-oxidative metabolism under physiological conditions but this could be exacerbated under stress situations. Furthermore, peroxisomes have the capacity to proliferate and also undergo biochemical adaptations depending on the surrounding cellular status. An important characteristic of peroxisomes is that they have a dynamic metabolism of reactive nitrogen and oxygen species (RNS and ROS) which generates two key molecules, nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide (H O ). These molecules can exert signaling functions by means of post-translational modifications that affect the functionality of target molecules like proteins, peptides or fatty acids. This review provides an overview of the endogenous metabolism of ROS and RNS in peroxisomes with special emphasis on polyamine and uric acid metabolism as well as the possibility that these organelles could be a source of signal molecules involved in the functional interconnection with other subcellular compartments.
植物过氧化物酶体是参与植物生命周期中许多生化途径的亚细胞区室，但也参与了对不利环境条件的反应机制。在生理条件下，这些细胞器具有活跃的硝态-氧化代谢，但在应激情况下，这种代谢可能会加剧。此外，过氧化物酶体具有增殖的能力，并且根据周围细胞状态进行生化适应。过氧化物酶体的一个重要特征是，它们具有反应性氮和氧物种（RNS 和 ROS）的动态代谢，这些物质会产生两种关键分子，一氧化氮（NO）和过氧化氢（H2O2）。这些分子可以通过影响靶分子（如蛋白质、肽或脂肪酸）的功能的翻译后修饰来发挥信号功能。本文综述了过氧化物酶体中 ROS 和 RNS 的内源性代谢，特别强调了多胺和尿酸代谢，以及这些细胞器可能是参与与其他亚细胞区室功能连接的信号分子的来源。
