Cohen-Zimerman Shira, Salvi Carola, Krueger Frank, Gordon Barry, Grafman Jordan
Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Think+Speak Lab, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, 355 E Erie St., Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
Trends Neurosci Educ. 2018 Dec;13:1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.tine.2018.08.001. Epub 2018 Sep 4.
In this longitudinal study, we examined intelligence in a group of Vietnam veterans in their 60 s who suffered combat-related penetrating traumatic brain injuries (pTBI) in their 20 s ( = 120), as well as matched veterans with no brain damage ( = 33). Intelligence was evaluated using the Armed Forces Qualification Test (AFQT) administered before the injury occurred and then again at three points in time over the following 45 years. We tested for potential predictors and correlates of late midlife intelligence score, as well as the recent change in score over the seventh decade. The pTBI group had lower intelligence scores than the control group when currently evaluated. Pre-injury intelligence and the presence of a pTBI were the most consistent predictors of current intelligence scores. While exacerbated intellectual decline occurs following a young-adulthood pTBI and affects everyday life, no evidence for late midlife accelerated cognitive decline or dementia was found.
在这项纵向研究中，我们对一组60多岁的越南退伍军人进行了智力测试。这些退伍军人在20多岁时遭受了与战斗相关的穿透性创伤性脑损伤（pTBI）（n = 120），同时还有一组与之匹配的未受过脑损伤的退伍军人（n = 33）作为对照。智力水平通过武装部队资格测试（AFQT）进行评估，该测试在受伤前进行，然后在接下来的45年中的三个时间点再次进行。我们测试了中年后期智力得分的潜在预测因素和相关因素，以及在七十多岁时得分的近期变化。在当前评估中，pTBI组的智力得分低于对照组。受伤前的智力水平和pTBI的存在是当前智力得分最一致的预测因素。虽然年轻时遭受pTBI后智力衰退会加剧并影响日常生活，但未发现中年后期加速认知衰退或痴呆的证据。
