Environmental Stewardship, The Procter & Gamble Company, Mason, Ohio, USA.
Quantitative Sciences, The Procter & Gamble Company, Mason, Ohio, USA.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2019 Mar;38(3):671-681. doi: 10.1002/etc.4351. Epub 2019 Feb 13.
A database was compiled for algal Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) test guideline 201, for Daphnia magna OECD test guideline 202, for the acute fish toxicity (AFT) OECD test guideline 203, and for the fish embryo toxicity (FET) OECD test guideline 236 to assess the suitability and applicability of the FET test in a threshold approach context. In the threshold approach, algal and Daphnia toxicity are assessed first, after which a limit test is conducted at the lower of the 2 toxicity values using fish. If potential fish toxicity is indicated, a full median lethal concentration assay is performed. This tiered testing strategy can significantly reduce the number of fish used in toxicity testing because algae or Daphnia are typically more sensitive than fish. A total of 165 compounds had AFT and FET data available, and of these, 82 had algal and Daphnia acute toxicity data available. Algae and Daphnia were more sensitive 75 to 80% of the time. Fish or FET tests were most sensitive 20 and 16% of the time, respectively, when considered as the sole fish toxicity indicator and 27% of the time when both were considered simultaneously. When fish were the most sensitive trophic level, different compounds were identified as the most toxic in FET and to AFT tests; however, the differences were not so large that they resulted in substantially different outcomes when potencies were binned using the United Nations categories of aquatic toxicity under the Globally Harmonized System for classification and labeling. It is recommended that the FET test could be used to directly replace the AFT test in the threshold approach or could be used as the definitive test if an AFT limit test indicated toxicity potential for a chemical. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:671-681. © 2019 SETAC.
编制了藻类 OECD 测试指南 201、大型蚤 OECD 测试指南 202、鱼类急性毒性（AFT） OECD 测试指南 203 和鱼类胚胎毒性（FET） OECD 测试指南 236 的数据库，以评估 FET 测试在阈值方法背景下的适宜性和适用性。在阈值方法中，首先评估藻类和大型蚤的毒性，然后在较低的 2 种毒性值下使用鱼类进行限制测试。如果指示鱼类潜在毒性，则进行完整的半数致死浓度测定。这种分层测试策略可以大大减少毒性测试中使用的鱼类数量，因为藻类或大型蚤通常比鱼类更敏感。共有 165 种化合物具有 AFT 和 FET 数据，其中 82 种具有藻类和大型蚤急性毒性数据。藻类和大型蚤的敏感性分别为 75%至 80%，鱼类或 FET 测试的敏感性分别为 20%和 16%，当被视为唯一的鱼类毒性指标时，当同时考虑两者时，敏感性分别为 27%。当鱼类是最敏感的营养级时，不同的化合物被确定为 FET 和 AFT 测试中最有毒的化合物；然而，差异并不大，以至于当使用联合国根据全球协调系统进行分类和标签的水生毒性类别对效力进行分类时，结果不会有很大差异。建议 FET 测试可直接在阈值方法中替代 AFT 测试，或者如果 AFT 限制测试指示化学品具有毒性潜力，则可将 FET 测试用作确定测试。Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:671-681. © 2019 SETAC.
