Wang Bo, Cao Futao, Boyland Joyce Tang
Nanjing University, China.
Alverno College, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
New Dir Child Adolesc Dev. 2019 Jan;2019(163):137-162. doi: 10.1002/cad.20266. Epub 2019 Jan 7.
English language readers rarely get glimpses of the state of autism research in China. Given the seriousness of autism, the population of China, and the potential for theoretically interesting cross-cultural insights, we provide a broad survey of research carried out in China on childhood autism. Four themes are considered: etiology, diagnosis, treatment, and education. Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) appears to be a product of epigenetic interactions between genetic and environmental factors; recent Chinese research on etiology reflects this. Current diagnostic procedures in China involve clinical screening and examinations, while research proceeds on brain-imaging techniques for diagnosis. Research on treatment has introduced a comprehensive and moderately effective approach that includes education and training, psychotherapy, and pharmacotherapy. In the realm of education, however, many problems remain, requiring joint efforts of the government and of other societal actors. Finally, there are opportunities for indigenous Chinese concepts and innovations to contribute to the study of ASD.
英文读者很少能了解到中国自闭症研究的状况。鉴于自闭症问题的严重性、中国的人口规模以及从理论上获得有趣的跨文化见解的可能性，我们对中国开展的儿童自闭症研究进行了广泛调查。我们考虑了四个主题：病因、诊断、治疗和教育。自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）似乎是遗传和环境因素之间表观遗传相互作用的产物；中国最近关于病因的研究也反映了这一点。中国目前的诊断程序包括临床筛查和检查，同时也在进行用于诊断的脑成像技术研究。治疗方面的研究引入了一种综合且效果适中的方法，包括教育培训、心理治疗和药物治疗。然而，在教育领域，仍存在许多问题，需要政府和其他社会行为主体共同努力。最后，中国本土的概念和创新有机会为自闭症谱系障碍的研究做出贡献。
