a School for Psychology and Education , University of Suffolk , Ipswich , UK.
b EUSES - School of Health and Sport Sciences , Universitat de Girona , Salt , Spain.
J Sports Sci. 2019 Jun;37(12):1429-1433. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2018.1561967. Epub 2019 Jan 7.
This study examined how goal-directed self-talk may help basketball players to self-regulate in stereotypical competitive situations: seconds before a challenging game, while clearly winning or clearly losing, and at the close of a tight game. Participants were recruited in groups of three to four, until preliminary inspection of the data indicated that data saturation was reached. In the end, 34 basketball players voluntarily took part in individual interviews, writing up to three self-instructions they had used in each of the four competitive situations to self-regulate. Content analyses revealed that self-talk in competitive basketball situations serves cognitive functions (e.g., regulating cognition and behaviour), motivational functions (e.g., promoting mastery goals) and emotion and activation-regulating functions (e.g., creating activated states). More specifically, the results also indicated that athletes' self-talk may serve functions specific to the psychological demands experienced in each situation. It is argued that knowing how athletes counsel themselves, could prove important for applied sport psychologists to design psychological skill training.
在具有挑战性的比赛前几秒钟，在明显领先或明显落后，以及在紧张比赛结束时。参与者以三人或四人一组的形式被招募，直到对数据进行初步检查表明数据已经饱和。最后，34 名篮球运动员自愿参加了个人访谈，他们在每个竞争情境中写下了最多三条用于自我调节的自我指导语。内容分析表明，在竞争篮球情境中的自我谈话具有认知功能（例如，调节认知和行为）、动机功能（例如，促进掌握目标）以及情绪和激活调节功能（例如，创造激活状态）。更具体地说，结果还表明，运动员的自我谈话可能具有针对每个情境中所经历的心理需求的特定功能。有人认为，了解运动员如何自我指导，对于应用运动心理学家设计心理技能训练可能很重要。
