快速研究尸检：拼凑肿瘤异质性之谜
Rapid Research Autopsy: Piecing the Puzzle of Tumor Heterogeneity.
作者信息
Krook Melanie A, Chen Hui-Zi, Bonneville Russell, Allenby Patricia, Roychowdhury Sameek
机构信息
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; These authors contributed equally to this work.
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology Fellowship Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; These authors contributed equally to this work.
出版信息
Trends Cancer. 2019 Jan;5(1):1-5. doi: 10.1016/j.trecan.2018.11.004. Epub 2018 Dec 17.
Tumor heterogeneity decreases the effectiveness of anticancer therapies and is an important topic in translational cancer research, given its relevance in clinical oncology. Here, we discuss how rapid research autopsy of cancer patients can elucidate heterogeneity-associated processes including cancer evolution and acquired therapeutic resistance. In practice, rapid research autopsy is performed shortly after a patient's passing to procure multiple metastatic tumor samples for genomic studies through next-generation sequencing and development of patient-derived xenografts or organoids. Mechanistic insights gained from research autopsy studies of cancer patients can help identify new targets for therapeutic intervention. Finally, the success of research autopsy programs is bolstered by collaboration across different medical and scientific disciplines in addition to support from patients and families.
肿瘤异质性降低了抗癌治疗的效果，鉴于其在临床肿瘤学中的相关性，它是转化癌症研究中的一个重要课题。在此，我们讨论癌症患者的快速研究尸检如何能够阐明与异质性相关的过程，包括癌症演变和获得性治疗耐药性。在实践中，快速研究尸检在患者去世后不久进行，以获取多个转移性肿瘤样本，用于通过下一代测序进行基因组研究以及开发患者来源的异种移植或类器官。从癌症患者的研究尸检研究中获得的机制性见解有助于识别治疗干预的新靶点。最后，除了患者及其家属的支持外，不同医学和科学学科之间的合作也推动了研究尸检项目的成功。
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