Green Jodie, Rees Tim, Peters Kim, Sarkar Mustafa, Haslam S Alexander
Sport and Health Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom.
Department of Sport & Physical Activity, Bournemouth University, Poole, United Kingdom.
Front Psychol. 2018 Dec 17;9:2579. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02579. eCollection 2018.
There is evidence that the social groups to which people belong can be a source of resilience in challenging times. In this paper, we examine whether social group memberships can also increase resilience in the face of negative performance feedback by encouraging task persistence. In two experiments (s = 63, 61) participants completed three rounds of a performance task. In the experimental conditions (but not the control) participants were first asked to think about, and consider the importance of, either one or five important social groups of which they were members. In both experiments, participants who reflected on important social groups were more likely to persist in practicing the task after negative performance feedback than those in the control condition. In Experiment 2 only, there was also evidence of performance improvement after negative feedback for participants in experimental but not control conditions. There was no evidence that self-reported confidence, motivation, or self-efficacy accounted for the observed effects. Overall, this is the first study to provide evidence that salient group memberships can increase resilience in a sensorimotor task. Significantly, the findings suggest that groups are not just a context but also a critical psychological resource for performance following failure feedback.
有证据表明，人们所属的社会群体可以在充满挑战的时期成为恢复力的来源。在本文中，我们研究了社会群体成员身份是否也能通过鼓励任务坚持来增强面对负面绩效反馈时的恢复力。在两项实验（样本量分别为63、61）中，参与者完成了三轮绩效任务。在实验条件下（而非对照条件），参与者首先被要求思考并考虑他们所属的一个或五个重要社会群体的重要性。在两项实验中，思考重要社会群体的参与者在收到负面绩效反馈后比对照条件下的参与者更有可能坚持练习任务。仅在实验2中，也有证据表明实验条件下（而非对照条件下）的参与者在收到负面反馈后绩效有所提高。没有证据表明自我报告的信心、动机或自我效能可以解释观察到的效果。总体而言，这是第一项提供证据表明显著的群体成员身份可以增强感觉运动任务恢复力的研究。重要的是，研究结果表明，群体不仅是一种背景，也是失败反馈后绩效的关键心理资源。
