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对一种世界性真菌(曲霉目)的基因组和遗传学见解

Genomic and Genetic Insights Into a Cosmopolitan Fungus, (Eurotiales).

作者信息

Urquhart Andrew S, Mondo Stephen J, Mäkelä Miia R, Hane James K, Wiebenga Ad, He Guifen, Mihaltcheva Sirma, Pangilinan Jasmyn, Lipzen Anna, Barry Kerrie, de Vries Ronald P, Grigoriev Igor V, Idnurm Alexander

机构信息

School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, United States.

出版信息

Front Microbiol. 2018 Dec 13;9:3058. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.03058. eCollection 2018.

DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2018.03058
PMID:30619145
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6300479/
Abstract

Species in the genus , a member of the fungal order Eurotiales, are ubiquitous in nature and impact a variety of human endeavors. Here, the biology of one common species, , was explored using genomics and functional genetics. Sequencing the genome of two isolates revealed key genome and gene features in this species. A striking feature of the genome was the two-part nature, featuring large stretches of DNA with normal GC content separated by AT-rich regions, a hallmark of many plant-pathogenic fungal genomes. These AT-rich regions appeared to have been mutated by repeat-induced point (RIP) mutations. We developed methods for genetic transformation of , including forward and reverse genetics as well as crossing techniques. Using transformation and crossing, RIP activity was identified, demonstrating for the first time that RIP is an active process within the order Eurotiales. A consequence of RIP is likely reflected by a reduction in numbers of genes within gene families, such as in cell wall degradation, and reflected by growth limitations on on diverse carbon sources. Furthermore, using these transformation tools we characterized a conserved protein containing a domain of unknown function (DUF1212) and discovered it is involved in pigmentation.

摘要

该属的物种是真菌目散囊菌目的成员,在自然界中普遍存在,并影响着人类的多种活动。在此,利用基因组学和功能遗传学对一种常见物种的生物学特性进行了探索。对两个分离株的基因组进行测序,揭示了该物种的关键基因组和基因特征。该基因组的一个显著特征是其两部分的性质,具有大片正常GC含量的DNA区域,被富含AT的区域隔开,这是许多植物致病真菌基因组的一个标志。这些富含AT的区域似乎已被重复诱导点突变(RIP)所突变。我们开发了该物种的遗传转化方法,包括正向和反向遗传学以及杂交技术。通过转化和杂交,确定了RIP活性,首次证明RIP在散囊菌目内是一个活跃的过程。RIP的一个结果可能表现为基因家族中基因数量的减少,如细胞壁降解相关基因,以及在多种碳源上生长受限。此外,利用这些转化工具,我们对一种含有未知功能结构域(DUF1212)的保守蛋白进行了表征,并发现它与色素沉着有关。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ae62/6300479/9857b05e19fe/fmicb-09-03058-g011.jpg
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