Harvey Erin M, Miller Joseph M, Davis Amy L, Twelker J Daniel, Dennis Leslie K
Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
Transl Vis Sci Technol. 2018 Dec 28;7(6):43. doi: 10.1167/tvst.7.6.43. eCollection 2018 Nov.
We assessed the frequency of spectacle wear and impact of spectacle treatment in toddlers.
Children 12 to <36 months old with significant refractive error were provided spectacles. After 12 (±6) weeks, parents reported the frequency of spectacle wear and completed the Amblyopia Treatment Index (ATI, modified for spectacle treatment). Factor analysis assessed usefulness of ATI for spectacle treatment. Spectacle wear and ATI results were compared across age (1- vs. 2-year-olds) and sex.
Participants were 91 children (60% male; mean age, 22.98 [SD 6.24] months, 41 1- and 50 2-year-olds) prescribed spectacles for astigmatism (92%), hyperopia (9%), or myopia (1%). Reported frequency of wear was low (<2 hours/day) in 41%, moderate in 23% (2 to <6 hours/day), and high (≥6 hours/day) in 36% and did not differ across age or sex. ATI factor analysis identified three subscales: adverse effects, treatment compliance, and perceived benefit. One-year-olds had poorer scores on adverse effects ( = 0.026) and treatment compliance scales ( = 0.049). Low frequency of spectacle wear was associated with poorer scores on treatment compliance ( < 0.001) and perceived benefit scales ( = 0.004).
Frequency of spectacle wear was not related to age or sex. Younger children may have more difficulty adjusting to treatment. Parents of children with low spectacle wear reported less perceived benefit of treatment.
Data on factors associated with frequency of spectacle wear in toddlers is valuable for parents and clinicians and may lead to methods to improve compliance and reduce the negative impact of treatment.
我们评估了幼儿佩戴眼镜的频率以及眼镜治疗的效果。
为12至未满36个月且有明显屈光不正的儿童提供眼镜。12（±6）周后，家长报告眼镜佩戴频率并完成弱视治疗指数（ATI，针对眼镜治疗进行了修改）。因子分析评估了ATI对眼镜治疗的有用性。比较了不同年龄（1岁与2岁）和性别的眼镜佩戴情况及ATI结果。
参与者为91名儿童（60%为男性；平均年龄22.98[标准差6.24]个月，41名1岁儿童和50名2岁儿童），因散光（92%）、远视（9%）或近视（1%）而佩戴眼镜。报告的佩戴频率较低（<2小时/天）的占41%，中等（2至<6小时/天）的占23%，较高（≥6小时/天）的占36%，且在年龄或性别上无差异。ATI因子分析确定了三个子量表：不良反应、治疗依从性和感知益处。1岁儿童在不良反应量表（P = 0.026）和治疗依从性量表（P = 0.049）上得分较低。眼镜佩戴频率低与治疗依从性量表得分较低（P < 0.001）和感知益处量表得分较低（P = 0.004）相关。
眼镜佩戴频率与年龄或性别无关。幼儿可能更难适应治疗。眼镜佩戴频率低的儿童家长报告的治疗感知益处较少。
有关幼儿眼镜佩戴频率相关因素的数据对家长和临床医生很有价值，可能会带来提高依从性和减少治疗负面影响的方法。
