性格重要吗？惊恐障碍亚型中的气质和性格维度。
Does Personality Matter? Temperament and Character Dimensions in Panic Subtypes.
作者信息
Bruno Antonio, Muscatello Maria Rosaria Anna, Pandolfo Gianluca, Ciura Giulia La, Quattrone Diego, Scimeca Giuseppe, Mento Carmela, Zoccali Rocco A
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
MRC Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom.
出版信息
Noro Psikiyatr Ars. 2018 Dec;55(4):325-329. doi: 10.5152/npa.2017.20576. Epub 2018 Jul 6.
INTRODUCTION
Symptomatic heterogeneity in the clinical presentation of Panic Disorder (PD) has lead to several attempts to identify PD subtypes; however, no studies investigated the association between temperament and character dimensions and PD subtypes. The study was aimed to verify whether personality traits were differentially related to distinct symptom dimensions.
METHODS
Seventy-four patients with PD were assessed by the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.), and the Temperament and Character Inventory (T.C.I.). Thirteen panic symptoms from the M.I.N.I. were included in a factor analysis with varimax rotation. A correlation analysis (Pearson's correlation), a linear regression analysis, and a forward stepwise regression analysis between the identified factors and T.C.I. variables were performed for evaluating the association between panic subtypes and personality features.
RESULTS
Three factors were obtained: "Somato-dissociative", "Respiratory", and "Cardiologic" explaining respectively 18.31%, 13.71%, and 12.78% of the total variance. Correlations analyses showed that only "Somato-dissociative" factor was significantly correlated with T.C.I. "Self-directedness" (p<0.0001) and "Cooperativeness" (p=0.009) variables. Results from the regression analysis indicate that the predictor models account for 33.3% and 24.7% of the total variance respectively in "Somatic-dissociative" (p<0.0001) and "Cardiologic" (p=0.007) factors, while they do not show statistically significant effects on "Respiratory" factor (p=0.222). After performing stepwise regression analysis, "Self-directedness" resulted the unique predictor of "Somato-dissociative" factor (R²=0.186; β=-0.432; t=-4.061; p<0.0001).
CONCLUSION
Current results, although preliminary, suggest the importance of assessing personality and temperament features that may be potentially related to poor treatment response for a better understanding and characterization of PD subtypes.
引言
惊恐障碍（PD）临床表现中的症状异质性促使人们多次尝试识别PD亚型；然而，尚无研究调查气质和性格维度与PD亚型之间的关联。本研究旨在验证人格特质是否与不同的症状维度存在差异关联。
方法
采用迷你国际神经精神访谈（M.I.N.I.）和气质与性格量表（T.C.I.）对74例PD患者进行评估。将M.I.N.I.中的13种惊恐症状纳入进行方差最大化旋转的因子分析。对识别出的因子与T.C.I.变量进行相关分析（Pearson相关性分析）、线性回归分析和向前逐步回归分析，以评估惊恐亚型与人格特征之间的关联。
结果
得到三个因子：“躯体解离性”、“呼吸性”和“心脏性”，分别解释总方差的18.31%、13.71%和12.78%。相关分析表明，仅“躯体解离性”因子与T.C.I.的“自我导向性”（p<0.0001）和“合作性”（p=0.009）变量显著相关。回归分析结果表明，预测模型分别解释“躯体解离性”因子（p<0.0001）和“心脏性”因子（p=0.007）总方差的33.3%和24.7%，而对“呼吸性”因子未显示出统计学显著影响（p=0.222）。进行逐步回归分析后，“自我导向性”成为“躯体解离性”因子的唯一预测因子（R²=0.186；β=-0.432；t=-4.061；p<0.0001）。
结论
目前的结果虽然是初步的，但表明评估可能与治疗反应不佳潜在相关的人格和气质特征对于更好地理解和描述PD亚型具有重要意义。
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