Department of Psychiatry, Erenkoy Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatry, Istanbul, Turkey.
Department of Psychiatry, Adiyaman Training and Research Hospital, Adiyaman, Turkey.
Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2014 May 16;10:879-85. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S62647. eCollection 2014.
The primary aim of the present study was to compare temperament and character traits and levels of alexithymia between patients with panic disorder and healthy controls.
Sixty patients with panic disorder admitted to the psychiatry clinic at Fırat University Hospital were enrolled in the study, along with 62 healthy age-matched and sex-matched controls. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV axis I (SCID-I), Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), and Panic Agoraphobia Scale (PAS) were administered to all subjects.
Within the temperament dimension, the mean subscale score for harm avoidance was significantly higher in patients with panic disorder than in controls. With respect to character traits, mean scores for self-directedness and cooperativeness were significantly lower than in healthy controls. Rates of alexithymia were 35% (n=21) and 11.3% (n=7) in patients with panic disorder and healthy controls, respectively. The difficulty identifying feelings subscale score was significantly higher in patients with panic disorder (P=0.03). A moderate positive correlation was identified between PAS and TAS scores (r=0.447, P<0.01). Moderately significant positive correlations were also noted for PAS and TCI subscale scores and scores for novelty seeking, harm avoidance, and self-transcendence.
In our study sample, patients with panic disorder and healthy controls differed in TCI parameters and rate of alexithymia. Larger prospective studies are required to assess for causal associations.
本研究的主要目的是比较惊恐障碍患者与健康对照者的气质和性格特征以及述情障碍水平。
本研究纳入了 60 例在费拉特大学医院精神科诊所就诊的惊恐障碍患者和 62 名年龄和性别匹配的健康对照者。所有受试者均接受了 DSM-IV 轴 I 结构临床访谈（SCID-I）、气质和性格量表（TCI）、多伦多述情障碍量表（TAS-20）和惊恐广场恐怖症量表（PAS）的评估。
在气质维度方面，惊恐障碍患者的回避均值显著高于对照组。在性格特征方面，自我导向和合作的均值显著低于健康对照组。惊恐障碍患者的述情障碍发生率为 35%（n=21），健康对照组为 11.3%（n=7）。惊恐障碍患者的难以识别情感因子得分显著升高（P=0.03）。PAS 与 TAS 评分之间存在中度正相关（r=0.447，P<0.01）。PAS 与 TCI 分量表评分以及寻求新奇、回避和自我超越的评分之间也存在显著正相关。
在本研究样本中，惊恐障碍患者与健康对照者在 TCI 参数和述情障碍发生率方面存在差异。需要进行更大规模的前瞻性研究来评估因果关系。
