Centre of Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia.
Centre of Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2019 Mar;98:306-319. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.01.003. Epub 2019 Jan 6.
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) holds promise for understanding neurochemical mechanisms associated with human cognitive aging in vivo. Recent advances in magnetic field strength and methods provide the opportunity to examine neurometabolites with greater accuracy and detail. The current review summarizes recent literature on age-associated neurometabolite changes as measured by proton MRS, and the associations with cognition in non-clinical populations. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, 179 studies were screened for review, of these, 42 were eligible. When a subset of studies were assessed based on voxel placement, magnetic field strength and sample size, N acetyl aspartate (NAA) concentration was consistently reduced with age predominantly in the frontal lobe and Myo-inositol (mI) concentration increased with age consistently in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). These findings are of particular interest as these NAA and mI changes mirror neurometabolite changes often seen in Alzheimer disease. The findings of this review provide further evidence of the potential for H-MRS to track age-related neurometabolite changes.
磁共振波谱（MRS）有望在体内理解与人类认知衰老相关的神经化学机制。磁场强度和方法的最新进展为更精确和详细地检查神经代谢物提供了机会。本综述总结了质子 MRS 测量的与年龄相关的神经代谢物变化的最新文献，以及与非临床人群认知的关联。使用系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南，对 179 项研究进行了筛选，其中 42 项符合条件。当根据体素位置、磁场强度和样本量评估一组研究时，N 乙酰天冬氨酸（NAA）浓度随着年龄的增长而持续降低，主要在前额叶，肌醇（mI）浓度随着年龄的增长而持续增加，在后扣带回皮质（PCC）。这些发现特别有趣，因为这些 NAA 和 mI 的变化反映了阿尔茨海默病中常见的神经代谢物变化。本综述的发现进一步证明了 H-MRS 有潜力跟踪与年龄相关的神经代谢物变化。
