Digestive System Research Unit, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain.
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (Ciberdem), Metabolomics Platform, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43002 Tarragona, Spain.
Nutrients. 2019 Jan 8;11(1):119. doi: 10.3390/nu11010119.
Various conditioning factors influence the sensory response to a meal (inducible factors). We hypothesized that inherent characteristics of the eater (constitutive factors) also play a role. The aim of this proof-of-concept study was to determine the role of gender, as an individual constitutive factor, on the meal-related experience. Randomized parallel trial in 10 women and 10 men, comparing the sensations before, during, and after stepwise ingestion of a comfort meal up to full satiation. Comparisons were performed by repeated Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) measures. During stepwise ingestion, satisfaction initially increased up to a peak, and later decreased down to a nadir at the point of full satiation. Interestingly, the amount of food consumed at the well-being peak was lower, and induced significantly less fullness in women than in men. Hence, men required a larger meal load and stronger homeostatic sensations to achieve satisfaction. The same pattern was observed at the level of full satiation: men ate more and still experienced positive well-being, whereas in women, well-being scores dropped below pre-meal level. The effect of gender on the ingestion experience suggests that other constitutive factors of the eater may also influence responses to meals.
各种条件因素会影响对膳食的感官反应（诱导因素）。我们假设进食者的固有特征（构成因素）也起作用。本概念验证研究的目的是确定性别作为个体构成因素对与膳食相关的体验的作用。在 10 名女性和 10 名男性中进行随机平行试验，比较逐步摄入舒适餐直至完全饱足前后的感觉。通过重复协方差分析（ANCOVA）措施进行比较。在逐步摄入过程中，满意度最初增加到峰值，然后在完全饱足时下降到最低点。有趣的是，女性在幸福感峰值时摄入的食物量较少，引起的饱腹感明显低于男性。因此，男性需要更大的膳食负荷和更强的体内平衡感才能获得满足感。在完全饱足的水平上也观察到了相同的模式：男性吃得更多，但仍然感到幸福感，而女性的幸福感评分降至餐前水平以下。性别对摄入体验的影响表明，进食者的其他构成因素也可能影响对膳食的反应。
