Fink Charles, Peters Rachel L, Koplin Jennifer J, Brown Justin, Allen Katrina J
Monash University, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences; Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
Murdoch Children's Research Institute; 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
Children (Basel). 2019 Jan 8;6(1):7. doi: 10.3390/children6010007.
Vitamin D is critical to children's skeletal development and health. Despite this, the factors which determine vitamin D concentrations during infancy remain incompletely understood. This article reviews the literature assessing the factors which can affect vitamin D status in infancy, including antenatal and postnatal vitamin D supplementation. Observational data supports that dietary intake of vitamin D, UV exposure, and geographic factors contribute significantly to infants' vitamin D status, but the relationship is unclear regarding genetic variation, ethnicity, and maternal vitamin D status. Randomised controlled trials have compared higher versus lower doses of infant vitamin D supplementation, but no studies have compared infant vitamin D supplementation to placebo and eliminated external sources of vitamin D to fully quantify its effect on vitamin D status. Knowledge gaps remain regarding the factors associated with optimal vitamin D concentrations in infants-including key factors such as ethnicity and genetic variation-and further studies are needed.
维生素D对儿童骨骼发育和健康至关重要。尽管如此，人们对决定婴儿期维生素D浓度的因素仍未完全了解。本文综述了评估可影响婴儿期维生素D状况的因素的文献，包括产前和产后维生素D补充剂。观察数据表明，维生素D的膳食摄入量、紫外线暴露和地理因素对婴儿的维生素D状况有显著影响，但基因变异、种族和母亲维生素D状况之间的关系尚不清楚。随机对照试验比较了高剂量与低剂量婴儿维生素D补充剂，但没有研究将婴儿维生素D补充剂与安慰剂进行比较，也没有消除维生素D的外部来源以充分量化其对维生素D状况的影响。关于与婴儿最佳维生素D浓度相关的因素，包括种族和基因变异等关键因素，仍存在知识空白，需要进一步研究。
