1 Department of Psychology, American University, Washington, DC, USA.
2 Department of Health Studies, American University, Washington, DC, USA.
Clin EEG Neurosci. 2019 Jul;50(4):256-266. doi: 10.1177/1550059418817966. Epub 2019 Jan 9.
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and/or impulsivity with associations to short- and long-term aversive life events. The exact etiology of the disorder is still unknown. ADHD is heterogeneous in symptomology and a single consistent, reliable biomarker has not been found. Quantitative electroencephalography (EEG) has been proposed as a potential way to differentiate those with ADHD from typically developing controls; however, the data on the diagnostic utility of this approach have been variable. Quantitative EEG has been employed in prognostic ways to assess differences in baseline spectral power profiles and pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatment effects on electrocortical activity within the ADHD population. The aim of this review is to summarize the literature investigating the degree of normalization of resting-state EEG profiles in individuals with ADHD through various interventions, including stimulant and nonstimulant medication, exercise, and diet.
注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是一种神经发育障碍，其特征为注意力不集中、多动和/或冲动，与短期和长期不良生活事件有关。该疾病的确切病因仍不清楚。ADHD 在症状上具有异质性，并且尚未发现单一一致、可靠的生物标志物。定量脑电图（EEG）已被提议作为一种潜在的方法来区分 ADHD 患者和正常发育对照者；然而，关于这种方法的诊断效用的数据一直存在差异。定量 EEG 已被用于预后评估，以评估 ADHD 人群中基线频谱功率谱的差异以及电皮质活动的药理学和非药理学治疗效果。本综述的目的是总结通过各种干预措施（包括兴奋剂和非兴奋剂药物、运动和饮食）研究 ADHD 个体静息状态 EEG 谱正常化程度的文献。
