抗菌药物使用对老年人群泌尿生殖微生物群组成的影响。
The effect of antimicrobial drug use on the composition of the genitourinary microbiota in an elderly population.
机构信息
Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Inspectorate of Health Care, PO Box 2518, 6401, DA, Heerlen, The Netherlands.
出版信息
BMC Microbiol. 2019 Jan 9;19(1):9. doi: 10.1186/s12866-018-1379-1.
BACKGROUND
The urinary tract is inhabited by a diversity of microorganisms, known as the genitourinary microbiota. Here, we investigated the association between the use of antimicrobial drugs and the composition of the genitourinary microbiota.
RESULTS
Clean-catch urinary samples were collected from 27 participants of the Rotterdam Study. Bacterial DNA was extracted and the 16S ribosomal RNA gene variable regions V3 and V4 were analyzed using Illumina sequencing. 23 of the 27 participants were included in the analysis. The population consisted of 10 men and 13 women with a mean age of 75 ± 3 years. The time between the last prescription of an antimicrobial drug and sampling was determined and categorized. The use of antimicrobial drugs prior to urine sampling was associated with statistically significant differences in the beta-diversity of the genitourinary microbiota. No association was found between antimicrobial drug use and the alpha-diversity of the genitourinary microbiota. Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) that were lowest in participants who used antimicrobial drug belonged to Lactobacillus and Finegoldia. In contrast, an OTU belonging to the genus Parabacteroides had higher abundances. Also, an OTU belonging to the species E.coli was higher in the participants who used antimicrobial drugs.
CONCLUSION
Prior use of antimicrobial drugs is associated with a different composition of the genitourinary microbiota. Our results might indicate a persisting effect of antimicrobial drugs on the composition of the microbiota, but reverse causality cannot be ruled out. Future studies are needed to differentiate between two possibilities. Genitourinary dysbiosis could be the result of antimicrobial drug use or genitourinary dysbiosis could be a risk factor for urinary tract infections resulting in increased use of antimicrobial drugs. This may have important implications for treatment and prevention of (recurrent) UTIs.
背景
尿路中栖息着多种微生物，被称为泌尿生殖道微生物群。在这里，我们研究了抗菌药物的使用与泌尿生殖道微生物群组成之间的关系。
结果
从鹿特丹研究的 27 名参与者中采集了清洁尿液样本。提取细菌 DNA，使用 Illumina 测序分析 16S 核糖体 RNA 基因可变区 V3 和 V4。27 名参与者中的 23 名被纳入分析。该人群包括 10 名男性和 13 名女性，平均年龄为 75±3 岁。确定并分类了最后一次开处方抗菌药物与采样之间的时间。在尿液采样前使用抗菌药物与泌尿生殖道微生物群的β多样性存在统计学显著差异相关。未发现抗菌药物使用与泌尿生殖道微生物群的α多样性之间存在关联。使用抗菌药物的参与者中最低的操作分类单元（OTUs）属于乳杆菌属和金氏菌属。相比之下，属于拟杆菌属的一个 OTU 丰度较高。此外，属于大肠杆菌种的一个 OTU 在使用抗菌药物的参与者中更高。
结论
先前使用抗菌药物与泌尿生殖道微生物群的不同组成有关。我们的结果可能表明抗菌药物对微生物群组成的持续影响，但不能排除反向因果关系。需要进一步的研究来区分两种可能性。泌尿生殖系生态失调可能是抗菌药物使用的结果，或者泌尿生殖系生态失调可能是导致抗菌药物使用增加的尿路感染的危险因素。这可能对（复发性）UTI 的治疗和预防有重要意义。
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