Regueiro Marcia R K Bernardi, Parreira Luana Casari, Nascimento Weslania Viviane, Dantas Roberto Oliveira
Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto SP, Brazil.
Gastrointestinal Physiology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Hospital of Mataro, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain.
Gastroenterology Res. 2018 Dec;11(6):411-415. doi: 10.14740/gr1063w. Epub 2018 Dec 17.
Swallowing duration may be influenced by several factors. The effect of body height on oral-pharyngeal bolus transit has not been clearly elucidated. The hypothesis of this investigation was that height has influence on oral-pharyngeal transit time of a liquid bolus.
Videofluoroscopic assessment of swallowing was performed on 40 healthy volunteers: 20 "tall" (171 cm to 207 cm) and 20 "short" (152 cm to 170 cm) subjects, 10 men and 10 women in each group. Each subject performed three swallows of 10 mL of liquid barium bolus. The following parameters were measured: oral transit time (OTT): time from the beginning of tongue tip movement at incisors to arrival of the bolus tail at the fauces; pharyngeal transit time (PTT): time between the arrival of the bolus tail at fauces and complete passage of the bolus tail through the upper esophageal sphincter (UES); pharyngeal clearance (PC): time between the arrival of the bolus head at fauces to complete passage of the bolus tail through the UES; UES opening (UESO): time between the arrival of the bolus head at the UES to complete passage of the bolus tail through the UES; duration of hyoid movement (HM): time interval between the onset and the end of hyoid movement; oral-pharyngeal transit time (OPTT): time from the beginning of tongue tip movement at incisors until complete passage of the bolus tail through the UES. The statistical analysis was done by a linear model with mixed effects. Correlation between height and swallowing events duration was assessed by Spearman's correlation coefficient (r).
In women OTT, PC, HM and OPTT were longer in tall than in short subjects, what was not seen in men. In women there was a positive correlation between OTT, PTT and OPTT and height. Men (mean height: 177 cm) had longer PTT and PC than women (mean height: 166 cm).
In women, oral and pharyngeal transit time of a 10 mL liquid bolus were influenced by height and was longer in taller subjects.
吞咽持续时间可能受多种因素影响。身高对口腔 - 咽部食团通过时间的影响尚未明确阐明。本研究的假设是身高会影响液体食团的口腔 - 咽部通过时间。
对40名健康志愿者进行吞咽的视频荧光评估：20名“高个”（身高171厘米至207厘米）和20名“矮个”（身高152厘米至170厘米）受试者，每组10名男性和10名女性。每位受试者吞咽三次10毫升的液体钡剂食团。测量以下参数：口腔通过时间（OTT）：从舌尖在切牙处开始移动到食团尾部到达咽门的时间；咽部通过时间（PTT）：食团尾部到达咽门与食团尾部完全通过上食管括约肌（UES）之间的时间；咽部清除时间（PC）：食团头部到达咽门与食团尾部完全通过UES之间的时间；UES开放时间（UESO）：食团头部到达UES与食团尾部完全通过UES之间的时间；舌骨运动持续时间（HM）：舌骨运动开始与结束之间的时间间隔；口腔 - 咽部通过时间（OPTT）：从舌尖在切牙处开始移动到食团尾部完全通过UES的时间。采用混合效应线性模型进行统计分析。身高与吞咽事件持续时间之间的相关性通过Spearman相关系数（r）评估。
在女性中，高个受试者的OTT、PC、HM和OPTT比矮个受试者长，男性中未观察到这种情况。在女性中，OTT、PTT和OPTT与身高呈正相关。男性（平均身高：177厘米）的PTT和PC比女性（平均身高：166厘米）长。
在女性中，10毫升液体食团的口腔和咽部通过时间受身高影响，高个受试者的时间更长。
