Matsuo Koichiro, Palmer Jeffrey B
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States; Department of Dentistry, Fujita Health University, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan.
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States; Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States; Center for Functional Anatomy and Evolution, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States.
Physiol Behav. 2015 Apr 1;142:52-6. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.01.035. Epub 2015 Jan 31.
When eating solid food, the tongue intermittently propels triturated food to the oropharynx or valleculae, where a bolus accumulates before swallowing. The tongue motion during this food transport (stage II transport, STII) is distinctly different from that during chewing, and is more similar to the oral propulsive stage of swallowing. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that the onset of STII cycles was more likely to occur during expiration than inspiration. Videofluorography was recorded in a lateral projection while 10 healthy subjects ate solid foods. Respiration was concurrently monitored with plethysmography. Jaw motion cycles were classified as masticatory or swallowing. Masticatory cycles were further divided into chewing cycles and STII cycles. STII cycles were defined as those with bolus propulsion through the fauces by the tongue squeezing against the palate (without swallowing). Overall, 28% (62/223) of chewing cycles were initiated during inspiration, compared with only 12% (9/76) of STII cycles in this phase. The fraction of masticatory cycles occurring during inspiration was significantly smaller for STII cycles than for chewing cycles (Odds Ratio: 0.37 [95% CI: 0.17-0.78], p=0.01). All 36 swallowing cycles had onset during expiration. Our findings reveal that stage II oro-pharyngeal food transport is linked to expiration, as is the oral propulsive stage of swallowing. This suggests a similarity in the neural control of these two feeding behaviors.
进食固体食物时，舌头间歇性地将磨碎的食物推送至口咽或会厌谷，在此处食团在吞咽前积聚。在这种食物输送过程中（第二阶段输送，STII）舌头的运动与咀嚼时明显不同，且更类似于吞咽的口腔推进阶段。因此，我们检验了这样一个假设：STII周期的起始更有可能发生在呼气而非吸气时。在10名健康受试者进食固体食物时，以侧位投影记录了视频荧光造影。同时用体积描记法监测呼吸。颌运动周期被分类为咀嚼或吞咽。咀嚼周期进一步分为咀嚼循环和STII循环。STII循环被定义为通过舌头挤压上颚将食团推过咽峡（不吞咽）的循环。总体而言，28%（62/223）的咀嚼循环在吸气时开始，而在此阶段STII循环仅有12%（9/76）在吸气时开始。STII循环在吸气时发生的咀嚼循环比例显著低于咀嚼循环（优势比：0.37 [95%置信区间：0.17 - 0.78]，p = 0.01）。所有36次吞咽循环均在呼气时开始。我们的研究结果表明，口咽食物输送的第二阶段与呼气有关，吞咽的口腔推进阶段也是如此。这表明这两种进食行为在神经控制方面具有相似性。
