Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Present address: School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
Integr Environ Assess Manag. 2019 May;15(3):352-363. doi: 10.1002/ieam.4122. Epub 2019 Feb 20.
Toxicity data for tropical species are often lacking for deriving water quality guidelines (WQGs) and for conducting ecological risk assessment (ERA). To protect and safeguard valuable natural resources and important biodiversity in tropical freshwater ecosystems, a sound framework should be established to assess and manage the ecological risk of an ever-increasing number of chemicals that occur in the tropics. The present study aims to provide a more up-to-date comparison of the species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) between temperate and tropical freshwater species, by incorporating more acute toxicity data that have been documented. Results showed that temperate freshwater species are generally more sensitive to As, Cr, Pb, Hg, carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, DDT, lindane, and malathion than are their tropical counterparts, whereas tropical species tend to be more sensitive to un-ionized ammonia, Mn, chlordane, and phenol. No sensitivity differences were found between temperate and tropical freshwater species to Cu and pentachlorophenol. A general decline in sensitivity trend to chemicals was revealed by comparing taxon-specific SSDs, from crustaceans to mollusks, worms, fishes, and insects. On the basis of calculated 10% hazardous concentration (HC10) ratios from pairwise temperate and tropical SSDs, the temperate-to-tropic safe extrapolation factor was verified and refined as 5 for information. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2019;00:000-000. © 2019 SETAC.
对于热带物种，毒性数据通常缺乏用于推导水质准则（WQGs）和进行生态风险评估（ERA）。为了保护和维护热带淡水生态系统中宝贵的自然资源和重要的生物多样性，应建立健全的框架，以评估和管理在热带地区不断增加的大量化学物质的生态风险。本研究旨在通过纳入更多已记录的急性毒性数据，提供更具时效性的温带和热带淡水物种的物种敏感性分布（SSD）比较。结果表明，与热带物种相比，温带淡水物种通常对砷（As）、铬（Cr）、铅（Pb）、汞（Hg）、甲萘威、毒死蜱、滴滴涕、林丹和马拉硫磷更为敏感，而热带物种对非离子氨、锰、氯丹和苯酚更为敏感。温带和热带淡水物种对铜和五氯酚没有发现敏感性差异。通过比较甲壳类动物、软体动物、蠕虫、鱼类和昆虫等特定分类群的 SSD，揭示了对化学品敏感性普遍下降的趋势。根据从成对的温带和热带 SSD 计算出的 10%有害浓度（HC10）比值，验证并细化了温带到热带安全外推因子，信息为 5。综合环境评估与管理 2019；00:000-000。©2019 SETAC。
