Early Start, University of Wollongong, Australia; School of Health and Society, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Australia.
Early Start, University of Wollongong, Australia; School of Education, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Australia; Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Australia.
J Sci Med Sport. 2019 Jun;22(6):695-701. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2018.12.012. Epub 2018 Dec 21.
Physical activity (PA) participation is prone to decline during adolescence. An understanding of the domains of PA that are susceptible to decline may support a more targeted approach to PA and health promotion. The aim of this study was to review longitudinal trends in participation in four PA domains during childhood and adolescence: organized PA, non-organized PA, active transport and active chores.
Systematic review.
5517 research articles were sourced from five electronic databases (covering January 1997-April 2018). Eligibility criteria included repeated measurements of at least one PA domain among the same participants (5-18years of age).
23 studies were included, cumulatively reporting data from 27,231 participants. Few studies had a low risk of bias (n=6). Most studies of active transport reported an increase in participation during childhood, no change in the transition to adolescence, and no change or decline during adolescence. Most studies of organized PA reported an increase during childhood, an increasing or stable pattern in the transition to adolescence, and no change or decline during adolescence. Non-organized PA participation tended to remain stable among adolescent girls and decline among adolescent boys. Active chores increased during the transition to adolescence and then stabilized.
Potential strategies for PA promotion among youth may include targeting non-organized PA among adolescent boys or organized PA among late adolescent boys and girls. However, there is a continuing need for high-quality, longitudinal studies of participation in PA domains, particularly non-organized PA and active chores. PROSPERO Registration: CRD42017076888.
青少年时期体力活动（PA）参与度容易下降。了解易下降的 PA 领域，可能有助于更有针对性地开展 PA 和促进健康。本研究旨在综述儿童期和青春期四个 PA 领域（有组织 PA、无组织 PA、主动交通和主动家务劳动）参与度的纵向变化趋势。
系统综述。
从五个电子数据库（涵盖 1997 年 1 月至 2018 年 4 月）中获取了 5517 篇研究文章。纳入标准包括同一参与者至少对一个 PA 领域进行重复测量（5-18 岁）。
纳入了 23 项研究，共报告了 27231 名参与者的数据。仅有 6 项研究的偏倚风险较低。大多数主动交通研究报告称，儿童期参与度增加，青春期前无变化，青春期无变化或下降。大多数有组织 PA 的研究报告称，儿童期参与度增加，青春期前呈递增或稳定模式，青春期无变化或下降。青春期女孩的无组织 PA 参与度趋于稳定，而青春期男孩的参与度下降。主动家务劳动在青春期过渡期间增加，然后稳定下来。
针对青少年男孩的无组织 PA 或针对青少年后期男孩和女孩的有组织 PA，可能是促进青少年 PA 的潜在策略。然而，仍需要开展高质量、长期的 PA 领域参与度研究，尤其是无组织 PA 和主动家务劳动。PROSPERO 注册号：CRD42017076888。
