Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, 4051 Basel, Switzerland; email:
University of Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland.
Annu Rev Public Health. 2019 Apr 1;40:221-238. doi: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-040218-044037. Epub 2019 Jan 11.
Mobile phones (MPs) are the most relevant source of radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure to the brain and the salivary gland. Whether this exposure implies a cancer risk has been addressed in several case-control and few cohort studies. A meta-analysis of these studies does not show increased risks for meningioma, pituitary, and salivary gland tumors. For glioma and acoustic neuroma, the results are heterogeneous, with few case-control studies reporting substantially increased risks. However, these elevated risks are not coherent with observed incidence time trends, which are considered informative for this specific topic owing to the steep increase in MP use, the availability of virtually complete cancer registry data from many countries, and the limited number of known competing environmental risk factors. In conclusion, epidemiological studies do not suggest increased brain or salivary gland tumor risk with MP use, although some uncertainty remains regarding long latency periods (>15 years), rare brain tumor subtypes, and MP usage during childhood.
手机（MPs）是大脑和唾液腺接触射频电磁场（RF-EMF）的最主要来源。这种接触是否会带来癌症风险，已经在一些病例对照研究和少数队列研究中进行了探讨。对这些研究的荟萃分析并未显示出脑膜瘤、垂体瘤和唾液腺肿瘤风险增加。对于神经胶质瘤和听神经瘤，结果存在异质性，少数病例对照研究报告风险显著增加。然而，这些升高的风险与观察到的发病时间趋势不一致，考虑到手机使用的急剧增加、许多国家几乎完整的癌症登记数据的可用性以及已知的环境危险因素数量有限，这些趋势对于这个特定主题是有启发性的。总之，流行病学研究并未表明使用手机会增加脑或唾液腺肿瘤的风险，尽管对于潜伏期较长（>15 年）、罕见的脑肿瘤亚型以及儿童时期使用手机，仍存在一些不确定性。
