Lee Jane, Yu Gary, Zhou Yuanjin
School of Social Work, University of Washington, 4101 15th Avenue NE, Rm 225 A, Seattle, WA, 98105-6250, USA.
Center for Drug Use and HIV/HCV Research (CDUHR), New York University College of Nursing, New York, USA.
Int J Behav Med. 2019 Apr;26(2):175-184. doi: 10.1007/s12529-019-09768-5.
Migrants are at elevated risk for adverse HIV-related outcomes. Yet, there is limited understanding about the complexity of the migration process and the different migration experiences that may influence HIV testing and risk behaviors. This study examined whether patterns in immigrants' migration experience were associated with HIV risk and preventive behaviors.
Surveys were conducted with Latino immigrant adults (n = 306) in New York City during the spring of 2017. Informed by formative interviews, variables were developed to assess the migration process and document information about Latino immigrants' experiences during six particular stages of migration (pre-departure, travel, destination, interception, return, and settlement). We conducted a Latent Class Analysis (LCA) to detect patterns in the migration experience among participants and examined the associations between the latent classes and HIV testing and risk behaviors.
LCA clustered participants into three migration experience classes: positive experience (50.3%), neutral experience (36.3%), and negative experience (13.4%). The migration classes were significantly associated with sociodemographic variables, including sex, age, and income. Different experiences during the migration process did not influence immigrants' past or current HIV testing or risk behaviors. However, the migration classes were associated with immigrants' future intentions to test for HIV with the positive migration experience class reporting greater intentions to test for HIV in the next 12 months than the negative experience class (aOR, 2.95; 95% CI, 1.21-7.17; p < .05).
Results suggest the applicability of a migration experience framework for understanding future HIV risk and preventive behaviors among immigrants.
移民面临与艾滋病病毒相关的不良后果的风险较高。然而，对于移民过程的复杂性以及可能影响艾滋病病毒检测和风险行为的不同移民经历，人们了解有限。本研究探讨了移民经历模式是否与艾滋病病毒风险及预防行为相关。
2017年春季，对纽约市的拉丁裔成年移民（n = 306）进行了调查。根据形成性访谈结果，开发了变量以评估移民过程，并记录拉丁裔移民在六个特定移民阶段（出发前、旅行、目的地、拦截、返回和定居）的经历信息。我们进行了潜在类别分析（LCA）以检测参与者移民经历中的模式，并研究潜在类别与艾滋病病毒检测及风险行为之间的关联。
LCA将参与者分为三类移民经历：积极经历（50.3%）、中性经历（36.3%）和消极经历（13.4%）。移民类别与社会人口统计学变量显著相关，包括性别、年龄和收入。移民过程中的不同经历并未影响移民过去或当前的艾滋病病毒检测或风险行为。然而，移民类别与移民未来的艾滋病病毒检测意愿相关，积极移民经历类别的参与者报告在未来12个月内进行艾滋病病毒检测的意愿高于消极经历类别（调整后比值比，2.95；95%置信区间，1.2 ... 完整译文请补充完整内容 ... 1-7.17；p < 0.05）。
结果表明，移民经历框架适用于理解移民未来的艾滋病病毒风险及预防行为。
