睾丸生殖细胞肿瘤的新抗癌策略。

New Anti-Cancer Strategies in Testicular Germ Cell Tumors.

机构信息

Department of Psychology, University of Campania, 81100 Caserta, Italy.

Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology of the CNR c / o Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine and Surgery of Naples, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy.

出版信息

Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov. 2019;14(1):53-59. doi: 10.2174/1574892814666190111120023.

DOI:10.2174/1574892814666190111120023

PMID:30636617

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The most common solid malignancy of young men aged 20 to 34 years is testicular germ cell tumor. In addition, the incidence of these tumors has significantly increased throughout the last years. Testicular germ cell tumors are classified into seminoma and nonseminoma germ cell tumors, which take in yolk sac tumor, embryonal cell carcinoma, choriocarcinoma, and teratoma. There are noteworthy differences about therapy and prognosis of seminomas and nonseminoma germ cell tumors, even though both share characteristics of the primordial germ cells.

OBJECTIVES

The study is focused on different molecular mechanisms strongly involved in testicular germ cell line tumors underlying new strategies to treat this human neoplasia.

METHODS

Bibliographic data from peer-reviewed research, patent and clinical trial literature, and around eighty papers and patents have been included in this review.

RESULTS

Our study reveals that several biomarkers are usefully utilized to discriminate among different histotypes. Moreover, we found new patents regarding testicular germ cell tumor treatments such as the expression of claudin 6, monoclonal antibody (Brentuximab Vedotin), immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) with the FDA-approved drugs pembrolizumab and nivolumab or the oncolytic virus Pelareorep, the combination of selective inhibitors of Aurora kinase.

CONCLUSION

Finally, the pathogenesis of testicular germ cell tumor needs to be deeply understood so that it will improve data on stem cells, tumorigenesis and disease tumor management by more selective treatment.

摘要

背景

20 至 34 岁年轻男性最常见的实体恶性肿瘤是睾丸生殖细胞肿瘤。此外，近年来这些肿瘤的发病率显著增加。睾丸生殖细胞肿瘤分为精原细胞瘤和非精原细胞瘤生殖细胞肿瘤，其中包括卵黄囊肿瘤、胚胎细胞癌、绒毛膜癌和畸胎瘤。尽管两者都具有原始生殖细胞的特征，但精原细胞瘤和非精原细胞瘤生殖细胞肿瘤的治疗和预后存在显著差异。

目的

本研究专注于与睾丸生殖细胞肿瘤相关的不同分子机制，为治疗这种人类肿瘤提供新策略。

方法

本综述纳入了同行评议研究、专利和临床试验文献以及约 80 篇论文和专利中的文献数据。

结果

我们的研究表明，有几种生物标志物可用于区分不同的组织类型。此外，我们发现了一些关于睾丸生殖细胞肿瘤治疗的新专利，例如 Claudin 6 的表达、单克隆抗体（Brentuximab Vedotin）、免疫检查点阻断（ICB）与 FDA 批准的药物 pembrolizumab 和 nivolumab 或溶瘤病毒 Pelareorep、Aurora 激酶选择性抑制剂的联合应用。