From the Department of Psychiatry (Gordon, Del Rosario, Mendes, Prather), University of California, San Francisco, California; and Department of Psychology (Flores), Columbia University, New York, New York.
Psychosom Med. 2019 Oct;81(8):739-748. doi: 10.1097/PSY.0000000000000669.
This set of studies examines the bidirectional links between social rejection and poor sleep, a ubiquitous and increasingly problematic health behavior.
In study 1, a multiday field experiment, 43 participants completed a neutral task just before sleep on night 1 and a social rejection task on night 2. Objective and subjective sleep, postrejection affect, and physiological responses were measured. In study 2, 338 participants reported typical sleep quality before coming to the laboratory where they received social rejection or social acceptance feedback from a stranger. Physiological and affective responses were measured throughout the session.
In study 1, after social rejection, participants took longer going to bed (M [SD] = 38.06 [48.56] versus 11.18 [15.52], t(42) = 3.86, p < .001) and had shorter sleep durations (6:46 [1:27] versus 7:19 [1:38], t(41) = 2.92, p = .006) compared with the baseline night. Trait rumination moderated these effects, with high ruminators taking the longest to go to bed postrejection (t(38) = 2.90, p = .006). In both studies, there was (inconsistent) evidence that sleep influences reactions to rejection: some sleep measures predicted physiological reactivity during the rejection task in study 1 and greater negative affect after social rejection in study 2.
These studies provide evidence that social rejection may affect sleep outcomes, particularly for trait ruminators, and poor sleep in turn may exacerbate affective responses to social rejection. Given the mixed findings, small sample size, and no active control condition, more work is needed to confirm and build on these findings.
本研究系列考察了社会排斥与睡眠质量差（一种普遍存在且日益严重的健康行为）之间的双向关系。
在第一项研究中，采用多日现场实验，43 名参与者在第一天晚上睡前完成一项中性任务，在第二天晚上完成一项社会排斥任务。测量了客观和主观睡眠、拒绝后影响以及生理反应。在第二项研究中，338 名参与者报告了典型的睡眠质量，然后来到实验室，从陌生人那里接受社会拒绝或社会接纳反馈。在整个过程中测量了生理和情感反应。
在第一项研究中，与基线之夜相比，参与者在接受社会排斥后入睡时间延长（M [SD] = 38.06 [48.56] 与 11.18 [15.52]，t(42) = 3.86，p <.001），睡眠时间缩短（6:46 [1:27] 与 7:19 [1:38]，t(41) = 2.92，p =.006）。特质沉思度调节了这些影响，高沉思者在接受社会排斥后入睡时间最长（t(38) = 2.90，p =.006）。在两项研究中，都有证据表明睡眠会影响对拒绝的反应：一些睡眠指标预测了在第一项研究中拒绝任务期间的生理反应，在第二项研究中预测了社会拒绝后的更大负面情绪。
这些研究为社会排斥可能影响睡眠结果，特别是对特质沉思者，而睡眠质量差反过来又可能加剧对社会排斥的情感反应提供了证据。鉴于混合的研究结果、样本量小以及没有积极的对照条件，需要更多的工作来证实和扩展这些发现。
