College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hangzhou Normal University , No. 2318 Yuhangtang Rd. , Hangzhou 310036 , People's Republic of China.
CAS Center for Excellence on TMSR Energy System, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 2019, Jialuo Rd. , Shanghai 201800 , People's Republic of China.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2019 Feb 6;11(5):5462-5475. doi: 10.1021/acsami.8b21704. Epub 2019 Jan 28.
Ion-containing polymers are of great importance for its unique structure and properties. An ion-containing polyamide 6 (PA6) was prepared by grafting an ionic liquid, 1-vinyl-3-butyl imidazole chloride [VBIM][Cl], onto the main chain of PA6 using radiation-induced grafting. The grafted ions on the PA6 main chain significantly influenced the structure and properties of the PA6 matrix. The ions form nanoscale aggregations without inducing further microphase separation. Acting as a physical "cross-linking point," each aggregation enhanced inter/intrachain interactions, which increased the viscosity, storage modulus, and relaxation time and reduced the ability of PA6 to crystallize. However, the bulky cations of the grafted ionic liquid can also be seen as "spacers," which enlarge the distance among chains and reduce the strength of the hydrogen bonds inherently existing in the PA6 matrix. The "cross-linking points" and "spacers" of ions as well as the hydrogen bonds of PA6 take effect collectively in the system. Moreover, the ion-containing PA6 retains good melt processability compared with PA6, despite increased viscosity, and can be easily melt-spun into fibers. Fibers prepared from ion-containing PA6 showed improved mechanical properties and antistatic performance and exhibited the expected antibacterial properties, especially with regard to Escherichia coli. Inspiringly, covalently bonding ions to the PA6 main chain offers a new strategy for fabricating functional fibers with permanent antistatic and antibacterial properties.
离子聚合物因其独特的结构和性能而具有重要意义。本文通过辐射接枝的方法，将离子液体 1-乙烯基-3-丁基咪唑氯盐([VBIM][Cl])接枝到聚酰胺 6(PA6)主链上，制备了一种含离子的聚酰胺 6(PA6)。PA6 主链上接枝的离子显著影响了 PA6 基体的结构和性能。这些离子形成纳米级聚集体，而不会引起进一步的微相分离。作为一种物理“交联点”，每个聚集体增强了链间和链内相互作用，从而增加了粘度、储能模量和松弛时间，降低了 PA6 的结晶能力。然而，接枝离子液体的大体积阳离子也可以看作是“间隔物”，它们增大了链间的距离，降低了 PA6 基体中固有氢键的强度。离子的“交联点”和“间隔物”以及 PA6 的氢键在体系中共同起作用。此外，与 PA6 相比，含离子的 PA6 保留了良好的熔体加工性能，尽管粘度增加，但仍可容易地熔融纺丝成纤维。含离子的 PA6 制备的纤维表现出改善的机械性能和抗静电性能，并表现出预期的抗菌性能，特别是对大肠杆菌。令人鼓舞的是，将离子共价键合到 PA6 主链上为制备具有永久抗静电和抗菌性能的功能性纤维提供了一种新策略。
