Snubfin Dolphin Project, Colebrook, Tasmania, Australia.
College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia.
PLoS One. 2019 Jan 14;14(1):e0206747. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206747. eCollection 2019.
New data are reported from analyses of stomach contents from 114 long-finned pilot whales mass-stranded at four locations around Tasmania, Australia from 1992-2006. Identifiable prey remains were recovered from 84 (74%) individuals, with 30 (26%) individuals (17 females and 13 males) having empty stomachs. Prey remains comprised 966 identifiable lower beaks and 1244 upper beaks, belonging to 17 families (26 species) of cephalopods. Ommastrephidae spp. were the most important cephalopod prey accounting for 16.9% by number and 45.6% by reconstructed mass. Lycoteuthis lorigera was the next most important, followed by Ancistrocheirus lesueurii. Multivariate statistics identified significant differences in diet among the four stranding locations. Long-finned pilot whales foraging off Southern Australia appear to be targeting a diverse assemblage of prey (≥10 species dominated by cephalopods). This is compared to other similar studies from New Zealand and some locations in the Northern Hemisphere, where the diet has been reported to be primarily restricted to ≤3 species dominated by cephalopods. This study emphasises the importance of cephalopods as primary prey for Southern long-finned pilot whales and other marine vertebrates, and has increased our understanding of long-finned pilot whale diet in Southern Ocean waters.
新数据来自于对 1992 年至 2006 年间澳大利亚塔斯马尼亚岛四个地点搁浅的 114 头长鳍领航鲸胃内容物的分析。从 84 头（74%）个体中回收了可识别的猎物残余物，其中 30 头（26%）个体（17 只雌鲸和 13 只雄鲸）胃内为空。猎物残余物包括 966 个可识别的下喙和 1244 个上喙，属于 17 个科（26 个种）头足类动物。柔鱼科的物种是最重要的头足类猎物，数量占 16.9%，重建质量占 45.6%。短蛸次之，然后是莱氏拟乌贼。多元统计分析确定了四个搁浅地点之间饮食的显著差异。在澳大利亚南部觅食的长鳍领航鲸似乎针对的是多种多样的猎物（以头足类为主的≥10 种）。这与新西兰和北半球一些地区的其他类似研究形成对比，在这些地区，饮食主要局限于以头足类为主的≤3 种。这项研究强调了头足类动物作为南方长鳍领航鲸和其他海洋脊椎动物主要食物的重要性，并增加了我们对南大洋水域长鳍领航鲸饮食的理解。
