[The interrelation of adaptation and disease in phylogeny and ontogeny].

The author reviews current notions on the adaptation and disease as reflected in biological and medical literature and discusses the problem of the relationships between these states from a materialistic and dialectic, biological and medical theoretical and practical viewpoints. In the phylogenesis the disease is regarded as a mechanism for elimination of poorly resistant species and does not take root in the gene pool. In the ontogenesis the disease should be set against health, i.e., the adaptation status; the author rejects the concept of the adaptation as the essence of the disease.