Sanagala Raghavendrarao, Moola Anil Kumar, Bollipo Diana Ranjitha Kumari
National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Lal Bahadur Shastri Building, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India.
Department of Botany, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620024, India.
J Genet Eng Biotechnol. 2017 Dec;15(2):317-321. doi: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2017.07.004. Epub 2017 Aug 7.
Plant genetic engineering is one of the most significant tools implemented in the modern molecular crop breeding techniques. The conventional approaches of plant genetic transformation include , particle bombardment, DNA uptake into protoplast. The transgenic events derived by these methods carry the transgenes that are integrated at random sites in the plant genome. Novel techniques that mediate integration of foreign genes at specific pre-determined locations circumvent many problems associated with the existing methods of gene transfer. The recent years have witnessed the emergence of gene targeting techniques by employing zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and clustered regularly interspaced short palindrome repeats (CRISPR). The present review focuses on the various approaches and their performance of plant gene targeting and suggests future directions in the important areas of plant molecular biology.
植物基因工程是现代分子作物育种技术中最重要的工具之一。植物遗传转化的传统方法包括粒子轰击、将DNA导入原生质体。通过这些方法获得的转基因事件所携带的转基因随机整合到植物基因组的位点上。介导外源基因在特定预定位置整合的新技术规避了许多与现有基因转移方法相关的问题。近年来，通过使用锌指核酸酶（ZFN）、转录激活样效应因子核酸酶（TALEN）和成簇规律间隔短回文重复序列（CRISPR），出现了基因靶向技术。本综述重点关注植物基因靶向的各种方法及其性能，并提出植物分子生物学重要领域的未来发展方向。
