McBride I D, Reid J G
School of Physical and Health Education, Queen's University Kingston, Ontario.
Can J Sport Sci. 1988 Dec;13(4):175-87.
The menisci of the knee are important structures for maintaining a healthy joint since they absorb shock and prevent rotatory instability. The shapes of the menisci and the orientations of their collagen fibres are naturally suited for bearing weight of the joint. Their shape also allows the tibial plateau contact area to be three times greater, thereby decreasing the stress by up to seven times. The medial and lateral menisci are able to move to different extents as a result of the variable laxities of the adjoining ligaments. Often a meniscus becomes injured and must be surgically removed by either a partial or total meniscectomy. Many meniscal injuries occur during sports activities and are caused predominantly by a twisting motion. A meniscectomy has been shown to have detrimental effects including increased joint laxity, osteoarthritis, and other structural changes. Approximately 25% of those who have had a total meniscectomy must stop or restrict their sports activities.
膝关节半月板是维持关节健康的重要结构，因为它们能吸收冲击并防止旋转不稳定。半月板的形状及其胶原纤维的方向自然适合承受关节的重量。它们的形状还使胫骨平台接触面积增大三倍，从而使应力降低多达七倍。由于相邻韧带的松弛程度不同，内侧和外侧半月板能够不同程度地移动。半月板常常受伤，必须通过部分或全半月板切除术进行手术切除。许多半月板损伤发生在体育活动中，主要是由扭转动作引起的。半月板切除术已被证明有不利影响，包括关节松弛增加、骨关节炎和其他结构变化。大约25%接受全半月板切除术的人必须停止或限制他们的体育活动。
