Rangger C, Kathrein A, Klestil T, Glötzer W
University Hospital of Innsbruck, Department of Traumatology, Austria.
Sports Med. 1997 Jan;23(1):61-8. doi: 10.2165/00007256-199723010-00006.
The biphasic ultrastructure of the meniscus and of articular cartilage provides their function in the complex biomechanics of the knee joint including load distribution, shock absorption, viscoelasticity, a smooth low friction gliding surface and resilience to compression. Meniscectomy may lead to destruction of cartilage and to osteoarthritis of the knee joint. Osteoarthritic changes after meniscectomy have been reported in up to 89% of patients. Retrospective analysis after open or arthroscopically assisted meniscectomy revealed restriction in sports to be between 2 and 50% and cessation of sports to be between 2 and 25%. Generally, patients with degenerative changes at the time of surgery are reported to have lower knee joint function and to resume sports activities later. Pharmalogical measures to treat osteoarthritis following previous meniscectomy include pain medication and intra-articular drug administration. Additionally, range of motion and strengthening exercises and moderate athletic activities are recommended. When surgery is considered, correctional osteomies and unicompartmental or total knee arthroplasty depending on the degree of osteoarthritis are preferred.
半月板和关节软骨的双相超微结构在膝关节复杂的生物力学中发挥着作用，包括负荷分布、减震、粘弹性、光滑低摩擦的滑动表面以及抗压弹性。半月板切除术可能导致软骨破坏和膝关节骨关节炎。据报道，半月板切除术后骨关节炎改变在高达89%的患者中出现。对开放式或关节镜辅助下半月板切除术后的回顾性分析显示，运动受限在2%至50%之间，停止运动在2%至25%之间。一般来说，手术时存在退行性改变的患者膝关节功能较低，恢复体育活动的时间较晚。治疗既往半月板切除术后骨关节炎的药物措施包括止痛药物和关节内给药。此外，建议进行关节活动范围和强化锻炼以及适度的体育活动。当考虑手术时，根据骨关节炎的程度，矫正截骨术和单髁或全膝关节置换术是首选。
