Romero-Martínez Ángel, González Macarena, Lila Marisol, Gracia Enrique, Martí-Bonmatí Luis, Alberich-Bayarri Ángel, Maldonado-Puig Rebeca, Ten-Esteve Amadeo, Moya-Albiol Luis
Psychobiology Department, University of València, 46010 València, Spain.
Department of Social Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 València, Spain.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2019 Jan 15;9(1):11. doi: 10.3390/bs9010011.
There is growing scientific interest in understanding the biological mechanisms affecting and/or underlying violent behaviors in order to develop effective treatment and prevention programs. In recent years, neuroscientific research has tried to demonstrate whether the intrinsic activity within the brain at rest in the absence of any external stimulation (resting-state functional connectivity; RSFC) could be employed as a reliable marker for several cognitive abilities and personality traits that are important in behavior regulation, particularly, proneness to violence. This review aims to highlight the association between the RSFC among specific brain structures and the predisposition to experiencing anger and/or responding to stressful and distressing situations with anger in several populations. The scientific literature was reviewed following the PRISMA quality criteria for reviews, using the following digital databases: PubMed, PsycINFO, Psicodoc, and Dialnet. The identification of 181 abstracts and retrieval of 34 full texts led to the inclusion of 17 papers. The results described in our study offer a better understanding of the brain networks that might explain the tendency to experience anger. The majority of the studies highlighted that diminished RSFC between the prefrontal cortex and the amygdala might make people prone to reactive violence, but that it is also necessary to contemplate additional cortical (i.e. insula, gyrus [angular, supramarginal, temporal, fusiform, superior, and middle frontal], anterior and posterior cingulated cortex) and subcortical brain structures (i.e. hippocampus, cerebellum, ventral striatum, and nucleus centralis superior) in order to explain a phenomenon as complex as violence. Moreover, we also described the neural pathways that might underlie proactive violence and feelings of revenge, highlighting the RSFC between the OFC, ventral striatal, angular gyrus, mid-occipital cortex, and cerebellum. The results from this synthesis and critical analysis of RSFC findings in several populations offer guidelines for future research and for developing a more accurate model of proneness to violence, in order to create effective treatment and prevention programs.
为了制定有效的治疗和预防方案，科学界对理解影响暴力行为和/或暴力行为背后的生物学机制的兴趣与日俱增。近年来，神经科学研究试图证明，在没有任何外部刺激的情况下大脑静息时的内在活动（静息态功能连接；RSFC）是否可以作为几种认知能力和人格特质的可靠指标，这些能力和特质在行为调节中很重要，特别是暴力倾向。本综述旨在强调特定脑结构之间的RSFC与几类人群中体验愤怒和/或对压力和痛苦情境以愤怒回应的易感性之间的关联。按照PRISMA综述质量标准，使用以下数字数据库对科学文献进行了综述：PubMed、PsycINFO、Psicodoc和Dialnet。通过筛选181篇摘要并检索34篇全文，最终纳入了17篇论文。我们研究中描述的结果有助于更好地理解可能解释愤怒倾向的脑网络。大多数研究强调，前额叶皮层和杏仁核之间的RSFC减弱可能使人易于发生反应性暴力，但为了解释像暴力这样复杂的现象，还需要考虑其他皮层（即脑岛、脑回[角回、缘上回、颞回、梭状回、额上回和额中回]、前扣带回和后扣带回皮层）和皮层下脑结构（即海马体、小脑、腹侧纹状体和中央上核）。此外，我们还描述了可能构成主动性暴力和复仇感基础的神经通路，强调了眶额皮质、腹侧纹状体、角回、枕中皮层和小脑之间的RSFC。对几类人群中RSFC研究结果的综合和批判性分析结果为未来研究以及建立更准确的暴力倾向模型提供了指导方针，以便制定有效的治疗和预防方案。
