Smitha T, Venkatesh Deepak, Veeresh M, Hema K N, Sheethal H S, Vidya M A
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, V. S. Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Department of Dentistry, ESIC Medical College, PGIMSR and Model Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
J Oral Maxillofac Pathol. 2018 Sep-Dec;22(3):418-422. doi: 10.4103/jomfp.JOMFP_254_18.
Detailed description and study of teeth traits could provide valuable information regarding phylogeny of man and distinctions between races and subraces. But morphological variations of the human dentition have not been utilized to their full potential by anthropologists concerned with patterns of human biological variation in Indian population. The aim of the present study is to detect the frequency and degree of expression of Carabelli's trait in Bengaluru population, this helps to develop a probabilistic model to distinguish individuals from specific human populations, particularly for forensic purposes.
A total number 400of age and sex matched individuals from four different ethnic groups - Hindu, Islam, Christian and Iranians were examined clinically and study casts were made. Permanent maxillary first molars were examined for the expression of Carabelli's trait, Dahlberg classification system was used to score the trait on the teeth. The scores were recorded on Osteoware Dental Morphology software. The cast were examined by 2 observers independently to eliminate intra observer variation in interpretation and mean of 2 was taken for analysis. The data so obtained was statistically analysed especially emphasizing on differences between above mentioned 4 ethnic groups.
Cusp of Carabelli was present in 87% of the study population in maxillary first permanent molar. Type 3 was the most frequently expressed and Type 6 was the least frequently expressed and both type being expressed in Islamic groups. The expression of trait was bilateral in 90% of the surveyed groups.
It was concluded that the prevalence of cusp of Carabelli in the small population from Bengaluru considered in the present study was found to possess a high degree of Carabelli trait expression.
对牙齿特征进行详细描述和研究可为人类系统发育以及种族和亚种族之间的差异提供有价值的信息。但是，关注印度人群体人类生物学变异模式的人类学家尚未充分利用人类牙列的形态变异。本研究的目的是检测班加罗尔人群中卡氏尖的出现频率和表达程度，这有助于建立一个概率模型，以区分特定人群中的个体，特别是用于法医目的。
对来自印度四个不同族群——印度教徒、穆斯林、基督教徒和伊朗人的400名年龄和性别匹配的个体进行临床检查并制作研究模型。检查上颌第一恒磨牙的卡氏尖表达情况，采用达尔伯格分类系统对牙齿上的该特征进行评分。分数记录在Osteoware Dental Morphology软件上。由两名观察者独立检查模型，以消除观察者内部在解释上的差异，并取两者的平均值进行分析。对所获得的数据进行统计分析，特别强调上述四个族群之间的差异。
上颌第一恒磨牙中，87%的研究人群存在卡氏尖。3型是最常出现的类型，6型是最不常出现的类型，两种类型在穆斯林群体中均有出现。90%的受调查群体中该特征的表达是双侧的。
本研究得出结论，在班加罗尔的小群体中，卡氏尖的患病率较高，该群体具有高度的卡氏特征表达。
