Tropical Disease Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology , University of Campinas (UNICAMP) , Campinas , São Paulo 13083-862 , Brazil.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2019 Feb 13;11(6):6589-6604. doi: 10.1021/acsami.8b19021. Epub 2019 Feb 1.
Because of their antibacterial activity, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been explored in biomedical applications. Similarly, nitric oxide (NO) is an important endogenous free radical with an antimicrobial effect and toxicity toward cancer cells that plays pivotal roles in several processes. In this work, biogenic AgNPs were prepared using green tea extract and the principles of green chemistry, and the NO donor S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) was prepared by the nitrosation of glutathione. To enhance the potentialities of GSNO and AgNPs in biomedical applications, the NO donor and metallic nanoparticles were individually or simultaneously incorporated into polymeric solid films of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). The resulting solid nanocomposites were characterized by several techniques, and the diffusion profiles of GSNO and AgNPs were investigated. The results demonstrated the formation of homogeneous PVA/PEG solid films containing GSNO and nanoscale AgNPs that are distributed in the polymeric matrix. PVA/PEG films containing AgNPs demonstrated a potent antibacterial effect against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. GSNO-containing PVA/PEG films demonstrated toxicity toward human cervical carcinoma and human prostate cancer cell lines. Interestingly, the incorporation of AgNPs in PVA/PEG/GSNO films had a superior effect on the decrease of cell viability of both cancer cell lines, compared with cells treated with films containing GSNO or AgNPs individually. To our best knowledge, this is the first report to describe the preparation of PVA/PEG solid films containing GSNO and/or biogenically synthesized AgNPs. These polymeric films might find important biomedical applications as a solid material with antimicrobial and antitumorigenic properties.
由于其抗菌活性，银纳米粒子（AgNPs）已在生物医学应用中得到探索。同样，一氧化氮（NO）是一种具有抗菌作用和细胞毒性的重要内源性自由基，在几个过程中起着关键作用。在这项工作中，使用绿茶提取物和绿色化学原理制备了生物合成的 AgNPs，并通过谷胱甘肽的硝化制备了一氧化氮供体 S-亚硝基谷胱甘肽（GSNO）。为了提高 GSNO 和 AgNPs 在生物医学应用中的潜力，将一氧化氮供体和金属纳米粒子分别或同时掺入到聚乙烯醇（PVA）和聚乙二醇（PEG）的聚合物固体薄膜中。通过多种技术对所得固体纳米复合材料进行了表征，并研究了 GSNO 和 AgNPs 的扩散曲线。结果表明，形成了含有 GSNO 和纳米级 AgNPs 的均匀 PVA/PEG 固体薄膜，AgNPs 分布在聚合物基质中。含有 AgNPs 的 PVA/PEG 薄膜对革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌菌株表现出强大的抗菌作用。含有 GSNO 的 PVA/PEG 薄膜对人宫颈癌和人前列腺癌细胞系表现出毒性。有趣的是，与单独用 GSNO 或 AgNPs 处理的细胞相比，将 AgNPs 掺入 PVA/PEG/GSNO 薄膜中对两种癌细胞系的细胞活力降低具有更好的效果。据我们所知，这是第一个描述含有 GSNO 和/或生物合成 AgNPs 的 PVA/PEG 固体薄膜的制备的报告。这些聚合物薄膜可能在具有抗菌和抗肿瘤特性的固体材料的生物医学应用中找到重要的应用。
