State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-Feed Additives, Beijing, China.
Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China.
FASEB J. 2019 Mar;33(3):4490-4501. doi: 10.1096/fj.201801221RR. Epub 2019 Jan 17.
The gut microbiota plays a critical role in various physiologic processes; however, maternal microbial and metabolic changes during pregnancy and lactation remain elusive. Using pigs as an animal model, we conducted comparative analyses of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) profiles across different stages of gestation, lactation, and the empty (nonpregnancy) phase in 2 distinct breeds of sow, Rongchang (RS) and Landrace (LS). Coriobacteriaceae were found to gradually increase over gestational time irrespective of breed, which was further validated in an independent cohort of sows, indicating that Coriobacteriaceae are likely associated with the progression of pregnancy. Escherichia increased as well. Relative to empty and gestation, lactation was associated with an increase in SCFA producers and a concomitant augmentation in SCFA production in both breeds. A comparison between the 2 breeds revealed that Ruminococcaceae were more abundant in RSs than in LSs, consistent with the strong ability of Rongchang pigs to digest highly fibrous feedstuffs. Taken together, we revealed characteristic structural and metabolic changes in maternal gut microbiota throughout pregnancy, lactation, and the empty phase, which could potentially help improve the pregnancy and lactation outcomes for both animals and humans.-Liu, H., Hou, C., Li, N., Zhang, X., Zhang, G., Yang, F., Zeng, X., Liu, Z., Qiao, S. Microbial and metabolic alterations in gut microbiota of sows during pregnancy and lactation.
肠道微生物群在各种生理过程中起着关键作用；然而，妊娠和哺乳期母体微生物和代谢变化仍然难以捉摸。我们使用猪作为动物模型，对不同妊娠、哺乳和空（非妊娠）期的两个不同品种母猪（荣昌猪和长白猪）的肠道微生物群和短链脂肪酸（SCFA）谱进行了比较分析。无论品种如何，Coriobacteriaceae 随着妊娠时间的推移逐渐增加，这在另一组母猪中得到了进一步验证，表明 Coriobacteriaceae 可能与妊娠的进展有关。大肠杆菌也有所增加。与空和妊娠相比，哺乳与 SCFA 生产者的增加以及两种品种 SCFA 产量的增加有关。两个品种之间的比较表明，Ruminococcaceae 在荣昌猪中比在长白猪中更为丰富，这与荣昌猪消化高纤维饲料的能力较强一致。总之，我们揭示了妊娠、哺乳和空期间母体肠道微生物群的特征结构和代谢变化，这可能有助于改善动物和人类的妊娠和哺乳结局。-刘，H.，侯，C.，李，N.，张，X.，张，G.，杨，F.，曾，X.，刘，Z.，乔，S. 妊娠和哺乳期间母猪肠道微生物群的微生物和代谢变化。
