Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine of Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Viruses. 2019 Jan 16;11(1):69. doi: 10.3390/v11010069.
While a number of therapeutic options to control the progression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) now exist, a broadly effective preventive vaccine is still not available. Through detailed structural analysis of antibodies able to induce potent effector cell activity, a number of Env epitopes have been identified which have the potential to be considered vaccine candidates. These antibodies mainly target the gp120 Cluster A region which is only exposed upon viral binding to the target cell with epitopes becoming available for antibody binding during viral entry and fusion and, therefore, after the effective window for neutralizing antibody activity. This review will discuss recent advances in the structural characterization of these important targets with a special focus on epitopes that are involved in Fc-mediated effector function without direct viral neutralizing activities.
虽然现在有许多控制人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV-1) 进展的治疗选择，但仍没有广泛有效的预防性疫苗。通过对能够诱导有效效应细胞活性的抗体进行详细的结构分析，已经确定了一些具有作为疫苗候选物潜力的 Env 表位。这些抗体主要针对 gp120 簇 A 区域，只有在病毒与靶细胞结合时才会暴露，在病毒进入和融合过程中表位才可供抗体结合，因此，在中和抗体活性的有效窗口期之后。本文将讨论这些重要靶点的结构特征的最新进展，特别关注涉及 Fc 介导的效应功能而没有直接病毒中和活性的表位。
