Metasurfaces for Advanced Sensing and Diagnostics.

Interest in sensors and their applications is rapidly evolving, mainly driven by the huge demand of technologies whose ultimate purpose is to improve and enhance health and safety. Different electromagnetic technologies have been recently used and achieved good performances. Despite the plethora of literature, limitations are still present: limited response control, narrow bandwidth, and large dimensions. MetaSurfaces, artificial 2D materials with peculiar electromagnetic properties, can help to overcome such issues. In this paper, a generic tool to model, design, and manufacture MetaSurface sensors is developed. First, their properties are evaluated in terms of impedance and constitutive parameters. Then, they are linked to the structure physical dimensions. Finally, the proposed method is applied to realize devices for advanced sensing and medical diagnostic applications: glucose measurements, cancer stage detection, water content recognition, and blood oxygen level analysis. The proposed method paves a new way to realize sensors and control their properties at will. Most importantly, it has great potential to be used for many other practical applications, beyond sensing and diagnostics.