Aarons L, Foster R W, Hollingsworth M, Morgan C H, Smith A
Department of Pharmacy, The University, Manchester, U.K.
J Pharmacol Methods. 1988 Sep;20(2):109-23. doi: 10.1016/0160-5402(88)90071-x.
A suite of 18 computer-assisted learning (C.A.L.) lessons has been developed in drug disposition covering processes, concepts and techniques, and pharmacokinetics. Development of lesions and implementation (using CDC's PLATO Programmerless Courseware Development authoring language (Advanced Tutorial Model) for delivery on IBM-PC clones (some also using NPL's Microtext on BBC model B microcomputers) and evaluation by questionnaire proceeded in stages. Staff assessed the authoring system and library lessons for their potential usefulness. Students assessed the importance to their own learning of the features that good quality C.A.L. lessons should display. Finally, our lessons were assessed by students for the presence of these features, comparison with other forms of presentation, their teaching performance, and integration into the curriculum. The use of a programmerless authoring language allowed the authors to concentrate on lesson subject content. The students appreciated the ability to go at their own pace and that their active involvement was required. Lessons scored well in relation to private reading and lectures but less well in comparison with practical work and tutorials. Appropriate integration of C.A.L. into the curriculum was found to be important. Evaluation by questionnaire at each stage of development was valuable.
已开发出一套包含18节计算机辅助学习(C.A.L.)课程的药物处置课程,内容涵盖药物处置过程、概念和技术以及药代动力学。课程的开发和实施(使用美国疾病控制与预防中心的PLATO无程序员课件开发创作语言(高级教程模型),以便在IBM个人计算机兼容机上授课(有些课程也在BBC B型微型计算机上使用NPL的微文本))以及通过问卷调查进行评估分阶段进行。工作人员评估了创作系统和库课程的潜在实用性。学生们评估了高质量计算机辅助学习课程应具备的特征对他们自身学习的重要性。最后,学生们对我们的课程进行了评估,评估内容包括这些特征的存在情况、与其他呈现形式的比较、教学表现以及与课程的整合情况。使用无程序员创作语言使作者能够专注于课程主题内容。学生们欣赏能够按照自己的节奏学习以及需要他们积极参与这一点。与私人阅读和讲座相比,这些课程得分较高,但与实践工作和辅导课相比得分较低。发现将计算机辅助学习适当地整合到课程中很重要。在开发的每个阶段通过问卷调查进行评估很有价值。