Wang Dan, Cao Quanquan, Zhu Wenxu, Hu Yadong, Zhang Xinyu, Yin Shaowu, Wang Tao
College of Life Sciences, College of Marine Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China.
Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology of Jiangsu Province, Lianyungang, 222005, Jiangsu, China.
Fish Physiol Biochem. 2019 Jun;45(3):965-976. doi: 10.1007/s10695-018-0607-9. Epub 2019 Jan 18.
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and salinity are important variables in aquatic environments. High concentration of LPS and large changes in salinity seriously threat the survival of a variety of organisms, including fish. To reveal the effects of salinity and LPS on a fish immune response, we measured the immune-related parameters (total leukocyte count, total serum protein, albumin and globulin concentrations, complement C3 concentration, and lysozyme activity) and genes (the expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β, and SOCS1-3 at the mRNA and protein levels) of juvenile Takifugu fasciatus exposed to phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or LPS (25 μg mL) under different salinities (0, 15, and 30 ppt) for 24 h. Changes in key immunological indicators suggested that the LPS challenge induced considerable damage to T. fasciatus, whereas an increase in salinity mitigated the harmful effects. Moreover, although the immune responses in blood and other selected tissues (gill and kidney) were suppressed with an increase in salinity, the increased response in liver in saltwater enabled T. fasciatus to conquer large salinity variation during migration. The appropriate addition of salts appeared to be a sensible strategy to mitigate LPS-induced toxicity in the aquaculture of T. fasciatus.
脂多糖（LPS）和盐度是水生环境中的重要变量。高浓度的LPS和盐度的大幅变化严重威胁包括鱼类在内的多种生物的生存。为了揭示盐度和LPS对鱼类免疫反应的影响，我们测量了暴露于磷酸盐缓冲盐水（PBS）或LPS（25μg/mL）下、处于不同盐度（0、15和30ppt）24小时的 juvenile Takifugu fasciatus 的免疫相关参数（总白细胞计数、总血清蛋白、白蛋白和球蛋白浓度、补体C3浓度以及溶菌酶活性）和基因（TNF-α、IL-1β以及SOCS1-3在mRNA和蛋白水平的表达）。关键免疫指标的变化表明，LPS刺激对Takifugu fasciatus造成了相当大的损害，而盐度的增加减轻了有害影响。此外，尽管随着盐度增加，血液和其他选定组织（鳃和肾脏）中的免疫反应受到抑制，但在海水中肝脏中增加的反应使Takifugu fasciatus能够在洄游过程中克服较大的盐度变化。适当添加盐分似乎是减轻Takifugu fasciatus水产养殖中LPS诱导毒性的明智策略。
