Hooi Kimberly S, Defarges Alice M, Jelovcic Stipe V, Bienzle Dorothee
Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
Vet Clin Pathol. 2019 Mar;48(1):42-49. doi: 10.1111/vcp.12698. Epub 2019 Jan 18.
Hemosiderophages can be found in bronchoalveolar lavage samples and have been reported in association with a wide range of respiratory and cardiovascular disorders in cats and humans.
This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the presence of hemosiderin in canine and feline bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples. It also aimed to examine the association of BAL hemosiderin with signalment, clinical signs, and historical disease prior to BAL, with prior transthoracic fine-needle aspiration (FNA), with bronchoalveolar lavage duration, and with cytologic interpretation.
The medical records of dogs and cats with respiratory disease that underwent BAL between 2007 and 2016 were reviewed. Appropriate medical information and BAL results were available from 171 dogs and 34 cats. Cases were assigned to four disease categories based on BAL cytologic findings: pneumonia, inflammatory disease, neoplasia, or normal airways. The degree of hemosiderosis was classified based on a semi-quantitative scoring scale. Exact logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between risk factors and the presence of BAL hemosiderosis on cytology.
Hemosiderin was identified in 13/171 (7.6%) canine samples and 18/34 (52.9%) feline samples. Cats were 13.33 times more likely to have pulmonary hemosiderosis on bronchoalveolar lavage cytology compared with dogs (P < 0.001). Increased respiratory rates, prolonged bronchoalveolar lavage times, concurrent transthoracic FNAs, and cytologic diagnoses were associated with an increased risk of hemosiderosis in dogs. No specific risk factors associated with pulmonary hemosiderosis in cats were identified.
Hemosiderosis is more common in BAL samples from cats than from dogs and is associated with a diverse range of disease conditions.
在支气管肺泡灌洗样本中可发现含铁血黄素巨噬细胞，并且在猫和人类中，已有报道其与多种呼吸系统和心血管系统疾病相关。
本研究旨在回顾性评估犬猫支气管肺泡灌洗（BAL）样本中含铁血黄素的存在情况。还旨在研究BAL含铁血黄素与动物特征、临床症状、BAL前的既往病史、既往经胸细针穿刺活检（FNA）、支气管肺泡灌洗持续时间以及细胞学解释之间的关联。
回顾了2007年至2016年间接受BAL的患有呼吸系统疾病的犬猫的病历。从171只犬和34只猫中获取了适当的医学信息和BAL结果。根据BAL细胞学检查结果，将病例分为四类疾病：肺炎、炎症性疾病、肿瘤或气道正常。根据半定量评分量表对含铁血黄素沉着症的程度进行分类。采用精确逻辑回归分析来评估危险因素与细胞学检查中BAL含铁血黄素沉着症之间的关系。
在171份犬样本中有13份（7.6%）、34份猫样本中有18份（52.9%）检测到含铁血黄素。与犬相比，猫经支气管肺泡灌洗细胞学检查发现肺含铁血黄素沉着症的可能性高13.33倍（P < 0.001）。犬的呼吸频率增加、支气管肺泡灌洗时间延长、同时进行经胸FNA以及细胞学诊断与含铁血黄素沉着症风险增加相关。未发现与猫肺含铁血黄素沉着症相关的特定危险因素。
含铁血黄素沉着症在猫的BAL样本中比在犬中更常见，并且与多种疾病状况相关。
