Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2019 Apr 15;127:357-364. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.063. Epub 2019 Jan 15.
Muscidae, commonly known as house flies and their close relatives, is one of the dipteran insects of recognized medical, veterinary, and ecological importance. Mitochondrial genomes (Mitogenomes) have been widely used for exploring phylogenetic analysis and taxonomic diagnosis due to the difficulty in distinguishing them morphologically. In this study, our complete mitogenomes of muscid flies were sequenced and aligned, which ranged from 15,117 bp (Synthesiomyia nudiseta) to 16,089 bp (Musca sorbens) in length, and contained a typical circular molecule comprising 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), 22 transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and a non-coding control region. The order and orientation of genes were identical with that from the ancestral insects. The phylogenetic analysis based on the mitochondrial genes indicated that the subfamily relationships within Muscidae were reconstructed as (Mydaeinae (Muscinae (Reinwardtiinae + Azeliinae))). Similar tree topologies were recovered from both Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian Inference (BI) analysis. Furthermore, we compared the phylogenetic analyses that were constructed using internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2), elongation factor-1α (EF-1α), 13 PCGs and 13 PCGs + ITS2 + EF-1α, respectively. Combined analysis of nuclear gene partitions improved support and resolution for resulting topologies but the positions of branches were obviously inconsistent due to limited species. More mitogenomes should be sequenced representing various taxonomic levels, especially close related species, which will enhance our understanding of phylogenetic relationships among muscids.
蝇科（Muscidae），通常被称为家蝇及其近亲，是具有公认医学、兽医和生态重要性的双翅目昆虫之一。由于在形态上难以区分，线粒体基因组（Mitogenomes）已被广泛用于探索系统发育分析和分类诊断。在本研究中，我们对蝇科昆虫的完整线粒体基因组进行了测序和比对，其长度范围从 15117bp（Synthesiomyia nudiseta）到 16089bp（Musca sorbens），包含一个典型的圆形分子，由 13 个蛋白质编码基因（PCGs）、两个核糖体 RNA（rRNAs）、22 个转移 RNA（tRNAs）和一个非编码控制区组成。基因的排列和方向与始祖昆虫相同。基于线粒体基因的系统发育分析表明，蝇科内的亚科关系重建为（Mydaeinae（Muscinae（Reinwardtiinae+Azeliinae）））。最大似然法（ML）和贝叶斯推断（BI）分析均得到了相似的树拓扑结构。此外，我们比较了分别使用内部转录间隔区 2（ITS2）、延伸因子 1α（EF-1α）、13 个 PCGs 和 13 个 PCGs+ITS2+EF-1α构建的系统发育分析。核基因分区的联合分析提高了分支拓扑结构的支持率和分辨率，但由于物种有限，分支的位置明显不一致。应该对更多的线粒体基因组进行测序，以代表各种分类水平，特别是密切相关的物种，这将增强我们对蝇科之间系统发育关系的理解。
