Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, TMDU, Tokyo, Japan.
Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, TMDU, Tokyo, Japan.
J Prosthodont Res. 2019 Jul;63(3):288-292. doi: 10.1016/j.jpor.2018.12.010. Epub 2019 Jan 16.
Providing appropriate dental prostheses and dietary interventions may improve food and nutrient intake in elderly edentulous patients, but evidence to support their use is scarce. In this trial, we aimed to clarify the combined effect, on the nutritional statuses of edentulous elderly patients, of dentists providing complete dentures with dietary advice.
A randomized-controlled trial was performed on a healthy elderly population who required new complete dentures. All participants had new complete dentures fabricated and were randomly divided into an intervention or a control group. The intervention group received simple dietary advice through standardized patient information leaflets and the control group received advice on denture care only. Nutritional status was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment short-form (MNA-SF) before and at 3 and 6months after treatment. At each assessment point, the MNA-SF scores were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. The within-group differences in the MNA-SF scores were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test with Bonferroni correction.
In total, 59 participants completed all trial steps. At 6months after treatment, the MNA-SF score in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group (p=0.01). Comparing the within-group changes in the MNA-SF score revealed that the score increased significantly from 3 to 6months in the intervention group (p=0.001, Bonferroni correction).
Nutritional statuses of healthy edentulous elderly population might be improved by fabricating new complete dentures and providing simple dietary advice.
为无牙老年患者提供合适的义齿修复和饮食干预可能会改善其食物和营养摄入，但支持其使用的证据有限。在本试验中，我们旨在阐明牙医提供带有饮食建议的全口义齿对无牙老年患者营养状况的综合影响。
一项随机对照试验纳入了需要新全口义齿的健康老年人群。所有参与者均制作了新的全口义齿，并随机分为干预组和对照组。干预组通过标准化的患者信息传单接受简单的饮食建议，对照组仅接受义齿护理方面的建议。治疗前、治疗后 3 个月和 6 个月时使用微型营养评估简表（MNA-SF）评估营养状况。在每个评估点，使用 Mann-Whitney U 检验比较 MNA-SF 评分。使用 Wilcoxon 符号秩检验和 Bonferroni 校正分析 MNA-SF 评分的组内差异。
共有 59 名参与者完成了所有试验步骤。治疗 6 个月后，干预组的 MNA-SF 评分显著高于对照组（p=0.01）。比较 MNA-SF 评分的组内变化，发现干预组从 3 个月到 6 个月显著增加（p=0.001，Bonferroni 校正）。
为无牙老年人群制作新的全口义齿并提供简单的饮食建议可能会改善其营养状况。
