Forest & Nature Lab, Ghent University, Melle-Gontrode, Belgium.
Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden.
Plant Biol (Stuttg). 2019 Jul;21(4):677-687. doi: 10.1111/plb.12960. Epub 2019 Feb 4.
Climate change is driving movements of many plants beyond, as well as within, their current distributional ranges. Even migrant plants moving within their current range may experience different plant-soil feedbacks (PSF) because of divergent nonlocal biotic soil conditions. Yet, our understanding to what extent soil biotic conditions can affect the performance of within-range migrant plants is still very limited. We assessed the emergence and growth of migrant forest herbs (Milium effusum and Stachys sylvatica) using soils and seeds collected along a 1,700 km latitudinal gradient across Europe. Soil biota were manipulated through four soil treatments, i.e. unsterilized control soil (PSF ), sterilized soil (PSF ), sterilized soil inoculated with unsterilized home soil (PSF ) and sterilized soil inoculated with unsterilized foreign soil (PSF , expected to occur when both plants and soil biota track climate change). Compared to PSF , PSF had negative effects on the growth but not emergence of both species, while PSF only affected S. sylvatica across all seed provenances. When considering seed origin, seedling emergence and growth responses to nonlocal soils depended on soil biotic conditions. Specifically, the home-away distance effect on seedling emergence differed between the four treatments, and significant responses to chemistry either disappeared (M. effusum) or changed (S. sylvatica) from PSF to PSF . Soil biota emerge as an important driver of the estimated plant migration success. Our results of the effects of soil microorganisms on plant establishment provide relevant information for predictions of the distribution and dynamics of plant species in a changing climate.
气候变化正在推动许多植物向其当前分布范围之外迁移，甚至在其当前范围内迁移的植物也可能由于不同的非本地生物土壤条件而经历不同的植物-土壤反馈（PSF）。然而，我们对于生物土壤条件在多大程度上能够影响范围内迁移植物的性能的理解仍然非常有限。我们使用从欧洲 1700 公里的纬度梯度上采集的土壤和种子，评估了迁移森林草本植物（Milium effusum 和 Stachys sylvatica）的出现和生长情况。通过四种土壤处理来操纵土壤生物区系，即未灭菌对照土壤（PSF）、灭菌土壤（PSF）、用未灭菌的本地土壤接种的灭菌土壤（PSF）和用未灭菌的外地土壤接种的灭菌土壤（PSF），预计当植物和土壤生物都追踪气候变化时会出现这种情况）。与 PSF 相比，PSF 对两种物种的生长但不影响出现有负面影响，而 PSF 仅在所有种子起源地影响 S. sylvatica。当考虑种子起源时，幼苗对非本地土壤的出现和生长反应取决于土壤生物区系条件。具体来说，四种处理之间幼苗出现的“家-离”距离效应不同，对化学物质的显著反应要么消失（M. effusum），要么从 PSF 到 PSF 发生变化（S. sylvatica）。土壤生物群系成为估计植物迁移成功的重要驱动因素。我们关于土壤微生物对植物建立的影响的结果为预测气候变化下植物物种的分布和动态提供了相关信息。
