Manios Y, Karatzi K, Moschonis G, Ioannou G, Androutsos O, Lionis C, Chrousos G
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science & Education, Harokopio University of Athens, Greece.
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science & Education, Harokopio University of Athens, Greece.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2019 Feb;29(2):159-169. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2018.10.007. Epub 2018 Oct 25.
Various lifestyle, anthropometric, socio-demographic and perinatal characteristics have been separately associated with elevated blood pressure in children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to simultaneously evaluate all potential risk factors and to identify the most dominant correlates of early adolescence hypertension in a large group of school children 9-13 years old.
A cross-sectional study with 1444 schoolchildren 9-13 years old, having full data on lifestyle, anthropometric, socio-demographic and perinatal indices, as well as blood pressure measurements. Early adolescents born large for their gestational age (LGA) (OR, 95% C.I. 0.49 (0.25-0.97)), those with higher levels of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) (OR, 95% C.I. 0.71 (0.53-0.96)) and those of a higher socioeconomic status (SES) (OR, 95% C.I. 0.51 (0.33-0.79)), had lower risk of hypertension, compared with their counterparts with appropriate birth weight, low levels of PA and with low SES respectively, independently of the variables used in the multivariate model. On the other hand, overweight and obese early adolescents (OR, 95% C.I. 2.61 (1.88-3.62)), those with central obesity (OR, 95% C.I. 1.75 (1.12-2.73)) and those having a hypertensive father (OR, 95% C.I. 1.93 (1.20-3.12)) had higher risk of hypertension compared with normal weight early adolescents and those without a family history of hypertension.
Among the parameters examined, early adolescence abnormal body weight and central obesity, low PA, non LGA, low SES family and family history of hypertension were found to be independently associated with higher risk of hypertension. The identified correlates of early adolescence hypertension can be used by public health initiatives for early detection and management of this major public health problem, prioritizing early adolescents and families at the highest possible risk for hypertension.
多种生活方式、人体测量学、社会人口统计学及围产期特征分别与儿童和青少年血压升高有关。本研究的目的是同时评估所有潜在风险因素，并在一大群9至13岁的学童中确定青春期早期高血压最主要的相关因素。
一项横断面研究，纳入了1444名9至13岁的学童，他们有关于生活方式、人体测量学、社会人口统计学及围产期指标的完整数据，以及血压测量值。与出生体重适宜、体力活动水平低及社会经济地位低的同龄人相比，青春期早期出生时体重高于胎龄（LGA）的儿童（比值比[OR]，95%置信区间[C.I.] 0.49[0.25 - 0.97]）、中度至剧烈体力活动（MVPA）水平较高的儿童（OR，95% C.I. 0.71[0.53 - 0.96]）及社会经济地位较高的儿童（OR，95% C.I. 0.51[0.33 - 0.79]）患高血压的风险较低，且独立于多变量模型中使用的变量。另一方面，超重和肥胖的青春期早期儿童（OR，95% C.I. 2.61[1.88 - 3.62]）、有中心性肥胖的儿童（OR，95% C.I. 1.75[1.12 - 2.73]）及父亲患有高血压的儿童（OR，95% C.I. 1.93[1.20 - 3.12]）与体重正常的青春期早期儿童及无高血压家族史的儿童相比，患高血压的风险更高。
在所检查的参数中，发现青春期早期体重异常和中心性肥胖、体力活动水平低、非LGA、社会经济地位低的家庭以及高血压家族史与患高血压的较高风险独立相关。已确定的青春期早期高血压相关因素可被公共卫生举措用于早期发现和管理这一重大公共卫生问题，优先关注高血压风险最高的青春期早期儿童及其家庭。
