Spaeth Erika, Starlard-Davenport Athena, Allman Richard
Phenogen Sciences Inc, Charlotte, NC 28269, USA.
Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
J Cancer Treatment Diagn. 2018;2(4):1-6. doi: 10.29245/2578-2967/2018/4.1137. Epub 2018 Aug 3.
Breast cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer death among women and is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women. Breast cancer risk assessment has been clinically available for nearly 30 years yet is under-utilized in practice for multiple reasons. Incorporation of polygenic risk as well as breast density measurements, promise to increase the accuracy of risk assessment. With that comes the hope that both prevention and screening become more personalized and thus more effective. Incidence rates have been static over the past 15 years and have even increased slightly in African American and Asian/Pacific Islander populations despite the robust data on breast cancer risk reduction measures that exist. Current challenges in reducing breast cancer incidence begin with robust data curation that allows for appropriate risk stratification across our multiethnic population and conclude with the implementation of prevention strategies within our fractured healthcare system.
乳腺癌仍然是女性癌症死亡的第二大主要原因,也是女性中最常被诊断出的癌症。乳腺癌风险评估在临床上已应用近30年,但由于多种原因在实际应用中未得到充分利用。纳入多基因风险以及乳房密度测量,有望提高风险评估的准确性。随之而来的希望是,预防和筛查都能变得更加个性化,从而更有效。尽管有关于降低乳腺癌风险措施的大量数据,但在过去15年中发病率一直保持稳定,在非裔美国人和亚裔/太平洋岛民人群中甚至略有上升。降低乳腺癌发病率目前面临的挑战始于强大的数据管理,这有助于在我们的多民族人群中进行适当的风险分层,并最终在我们破碎的医疗保健系统中实施预防策略。