Bouchard C
Laboratoire des sciences de l'activité physique, Université Laval, Sainte-Foy, Québec.
Diabete Metab. 1988 Jul-Aug;14(4):407-13.
This brief review constitutes a synthesis of some of the research conducted in our laboratory about the role of inheritance in human variation observed for subcutaneous fat, total fat mass and subcutaneous fat distribution. Our first studies were of the genetic epidemiology type and were conducted on a cohort of 1,698 subjects from 409 families of French descent living in the greater Québec city area. These studies have shown that heritability of the amount of subcutaneous fat was almost zero, while the additive genetic effect reached about 25% of human variation, after statistical control over the effects of age and gender, for total fat mass and regional subcutaneous fat distribution. On the other hand, there are considerable individual differences in the response to overfeeding and those that pertain to body weight and body composition, and the various components of daily energy expenditure in subjects kept inactive, are mainly determined by the genotype. These findings come from a study on the response to chronic overfeeding, sustained for 22 consecutive days, undertaken with 6 pairs of identical twins. In general, our research shows that there are individuals who are more at risk of becoming obese because of undetermined genetic characteristics but that are apparently associated somehow with the various components of habitual energy expenditure.
本简要综述综合了我们实验室开展的一些研究，这些研究涉及遗传在皮下脂肪、总脂肪量和皮下脂肪分布的人类变异中所起的作用。我们最初的研究属于遗传流行病学类型，研究对象是居住在大魁北克市地区的409个法裔家庭的1698名受试者。这些研究表明，在对年龄和性别影响进行统计控制后，皮下脂肪量的遗传度几乎为零，而总脂肪量和局部皮下脂肪分布的加性遗传效应达到人类变异的约25%。另一方面，在过度喂养反应方面存在相当大的个体差异，这些差异与体重和身体成分有关，并且在不活动的受试者中，日常能量消耗的各个组成部分主要由基因型决定。这些发现来自一项对6对同卵双胞胎进行的、为期22天的慢性过度喂养反应研究。总的来说，我们的研究表明，由于尚未确定的遗传特征，有些人更容易肥胖，但这些特征显然与习惯性能量消耗的各个组成部分存在某种关联。
