Emerg Infect Dis. 2019 Feb;25(2):265-272. doi: 10.3201/eid2502.180299.
Alveolar echinococcosis, the disease caused by infection with the intermediate stage of the Echinococcus multilocularis tapeworm, is typically fatal in humans and dogs when left untreated. Since 2012, alveolar echinococcosis has been diagnosed in 5 dogs, 3 lemurs, and 1 chipmunk in southern Ontario, Canada, a region previously considered free of these tapeworms. Because of human and animal health concerns, we estimated prevalence of infection in wild canids across southern Ontario. During 2015-2017, we collected fecal samples from 460 wild canids (416 coyotes, 44 foxes) during postmortem examination and analyzed them by using a semiautomated magnetic capture probe DNA extraction and real-time PCR method for E. multilocularis DNA. Surprisingly, 23% (95% CI 20%-27%) of samples tested positive. By using a spatial scan test, we identified an infection cluster (relative risk 2.26; p = 0.002) in the western-central region of the province. The cluster encompasses areas of dense human population, suggesting zoonotic transmission.
泡型包虫病是由泡状带绦虫的中间阶段感染引起的疾病，如果不治疗，在人和狗中通常是致命的。自 2012 年以来，在加拿大安大略省南部已经诊断出 5 只狗、3 只狐猴和 1 只金花鼠患有泡型包虫病，该地区以前被认为没有这些绦虫。由于对人类和动物健康的关注，我们估计了安大略省南部野生犬科动物的感染流行率。在 2015-2017 年期间，我们在死后检查中收集了 460 只野生犬科动物（416 只郊狼、44 只狐狸）的粪便样本，并使用半自动磁捕获探针 DNA 提取和实时 PCR 方法分析了这些样本，以检测泡状带绦虫 DNA。令人惊讶的是，23%（95%CI 20%-27%）的样本检测呈阳性。通过空间扫描测试，我们在该省的中西部地区确定了一个感染群（相对风险 2.26；p=0.002）。该集群涵盖了人口密集的地区，表明存在人畜共患传播。
