Köves Béla, Magyar András, Tenke Peter
Department of Urology, South-Pest Hospital, Budapest, Hungary.
GMS Infect Dis. 2017 Nov 22;5:Doc06. doi: 10.3205/id000032. eCollection 2017.
Catheter associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) are amongst the most common nosocomial infections and are also considered among the most common complications associated with indwelling urinary catheters. Most catheter associated infections are derived from the patient's own perineal flora, however the presence of a catheter increases the chance of being colonised by cross transmission of nosocomial bacteria as well. Most episodes of short-term catheter-associated bacteriuria are asymptomatic and are caused by single organisms, while long-term catheterisation promotes multibacterial infections and colonization. With prolonged duration of catheterization bacteriuria is considered universal because of the formation of biofilms on the surface of the catheter. Chronic indwelling catheters are an important reservoir of different multiresistant gram-negative organisms, therefore they are frequently isolated from CAUTIs. Treatment of catheter associated asymptomatic bacteriuria is not recommended because it will only promote the emergence of resistant organisms without effectively clearing the urine of catheterised patients.
导尿管相关尿路感染（CAUTIs）是最常见的医院感染之一，也是与留置导尿管相关的最常见并发症之一。大多数导尿管相关感染源自患者自身的会阴菌群，然而，导尿管的存在也增加了因医院细菌交叉传播而被定植的几率。大多数短期导尿管相关菌尿症发作是无症状的，且由单一微生物引起，而长期导尿会促进多种细菌感染和定植。随着导尿时间延长，由于导尿管表面形成生物膜，菌尿症被认为是普遍存在的。慢性留置导尿管是不同多重耐药革兰氏阴性菌的重要储存库，因此它们经常从CAUTIs中分离出来。不建议治疗导尿管相关无症状菌尿症，因为这只会促进耐药菌的出现，而无法有效清除导尿患者的尿液。
