Unidad de Genómica Avanzada (LANGEBIO), Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), CP 36824, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico.
Universidad Politécnica del Valle de Toluca, CP 50904, Almoloya de Juárez, Estado de México, Mexico.
Plant Reprod. 2019 Jun;32(2):123-136. doi: 10.1007/s00497-018-00359-0. Epub 2019 Jan 22.
Overview of the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms that regulate meristem activity in the CMM compared to the SAM. Meristems are undifferentiated cells responsible for post-embryonic plant development. The meristems are able to form new organs continuously by carefully balancing between stem cell proliferation and cell differentiation. The plant stem cell niche in each meristem harbors the stem cells that are important to maintain each meristem. The shoot apical meristem (SAM) produces all above-parts of a plant and the molecular mechanisms active in the SAM are actively studied since many years, and models are available. During the reproductive phase of the plant, the inflorescence meristem gives rise to floral meristems, which give rise to the flowers. During floral development, the gynoecium forms that contains a new meristem inside, called the carpel margin meristem (CMM). In Arabidopsis, the gynoecium consists out of two fused carpels, where the CMM forms along the fused carpel margins. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanisms taking place in the CMM, and we discuss similarities and differences found in the SAM.
比较 CMM 和 SAM 中调节分生组织活性的分子机制的概述。分生组织是负责植物胚胎后发育的未分化细胞。通过仔细平衡干细胞增殖和细胞分化，分生组织能够持续形成新的器官。每个分生组织中的植物干细胞小生境都含有维持每个分生组织的重要干细胞。茎尖分生组织 (SAM) 产生植物的所有上部部分，并且多年来一直在积极研究 SAM 中的分子机制，并且已经有模型可用。在植物的生殖阶段，花序分生组织产生花分生组织，花分生组织产生花。在花的发育过程中，雌蕊形成包含内部新分生组织的雌蕊，称为心皮边缘分生组织 (CMM)。在拟南芥中，雌蕊由两个融合的心皮组成，其中 CMM 沿着融合的心皮边缘形成。在这篇综述中，我们重点讨论了 CMM 中发生的分子机制，并讨论了在 SAM 中发现的相似性和差异。
